Itea (genus)

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Itea
Holly-leaved rosemary willow (Itea ilicifolia)

Holly-leaved rosemary willow ( Itea ilicifolia )

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Saxifragales (Saxifragales)
Family : Iteaceae
Genre : Itea
Scientific name of the  family
Iteaceae
J. Agardh
Scientific name of the  genus
Itea
L.

The Itea , including rosemary willow called (not to be confused with the rosemary willow ( Salix rosmarinifolia )) is the only genus of the family of Iteaceae within the order of saxifrage-like (Saxifragales).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The Itea species are evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees . The alternate and spiral leaves on the branches are petiolate and simple. The leaf margin is seldom smooth, usually serrated, serrated to spiky serrated. There are small stipules present.

Generative characteristics

Many flowers are grouped in axillary or terminal, simple or branched racemose or panicle inflorescences .

The small, fragrant flowers are hermaphroditic or unisexual, radial symmetry and five-fold. The five sepals are fused. The five petals are white or yellowish green. There is only one circle with five free, fertile stamens . The pollen is biporate. There is a ring-shaped disc. Two carpels are an upper continuous or partially continuous ovary fused; it has grown together with the discus. There are four to fifty ovules in each ovary chamber, usually in two rows. The two free or partially fused styles each end in a cephalic scar or are only fused in the area of ​​the scar.

The sepals and petals are still present on the narrow to egg-shaped capsule and it contains many or only a few seeds.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Itea was previously classified in the Escalloniaceae family. The generic name Itea comes from the Greek and was used for various willows ( Salix ). The term was already used by Homer in both the Iliad and the Odyssey . Carl von Linné transferred the name to the genus of rosemary willow, of which he only knew the American rosemary heather described here with its willow-like leaves. Synonyms for Itea L. are Choristylis Harv. , Diconangia Adans. , Kurrimia Wall. ex Meisn. , Reinia Franch. For some authors, Choristylis is Harv. its own, monotypical genus.

The genus Itea has a disjoint area : Southeast Asia to the western Malay Archipelago , a species ( Itea virginica ) in eastern North America , eastern tropical and southern ( Capensis ) Africa . About 15 species occur in China, 10 of them only there.

In the genus Itea and thus in the Iteaceae family there are about 18 to 27 species (selection):

  • Itea amoena Chun : It occurs in the Chinese province of Guangxi and maybe also Guangdong.
  • Itea chinensis Hook. & Arn. : It occurs in India, Bhutan, Thailand, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam and in China.
  • Itea coriacea Y.C.Wu : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan and Jiangxi.
  • Itea glutinosa Handel-Mazzetti : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan.
  • Holly-leaved rosemary willow ( Itea ilicifolia Oliv. ): It is found in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, western Hubei, southwestern Shaanxi and eastern Sichuan.
  • Itea indochinensis Merrill : It occurs in two varieties in Vietnam and in the Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan.
  • Itea kiukiangensis C.C. Huang & SCHuang : It occurs in southeastern Tibet and northwestern Yunnan.
  • Itea kwangsiensis H.T.Chang : It only occurs in northern Guangxi.
  • Itea japonica olive. : It occurs on the Japanese islands of Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku.
  • Itea macrophylla Wallich : It occurs in India, Sikkim, Bhutan, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Yunna and Hainan.
  • Itea nutans Royle : It was described from the Himalayas.
  • Itea oldhamii C.K. Schneid. : It occurs in Taiwan and on the Ryūkyū Islands .
  • Itea omeiensis C.K. Schneid. : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Zhejiang.
  • Itea parviflora Hemsl. : It occurs in Taiwan.
  • Itea rhamnoides (Syn .: Choristylis rhamnoides Harv. , Choristylis shirensis Baker f. ): It occurs in South Africa.
  • Itea riparia Collett & Hemsley : It occurs in Thailand, Myanmar and southern Yunnan.
  • Itea tenuinervia S.Y.Liu : It occurs in the Chinese province of Guangxi.
  • American Rosemary Willow ( Itea virginica L. ): Home to the eastern, northern, and southern United States. There are some varieties of it that are used as ornamental plants in parks and gardens.
  • Itea yangchunensis S.Y.Jin : It occurs in the Chinese province of Guangdong.
  • Itea yunnanensis Franch. ; the German name 'Chinese rosemary willow' is ambiguous because there are ten endemic species in China. The species occurs in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Guizhou, southwestern Sichuan, southeastern Xizang, and Yunnan.

use

The American rosemary willow ( Itea virginica ) varieties in particular are used as ornamental plants in parks and gardens.

The young leaves of Itea japonica are eaten cooked.

photos

American rosemary willow ( Itea virginica ):

  • 'Henry's Garnet' leaves

  • Autumn colors

  • Inflorescences

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 311.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Jin Shuying, Hideaki Ohba: Itea Linnaeus. In: Flora of China , Volume 8, Iteaceae. Itea
  3. ↑ German name after Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 354.
  4. ^ Nancy R. Morin: Iteaceae J. Agardh. In: Flora of North America , Volume 8. [1] .
  5. ↑ Andreas Bärtels (2009): The best rosemary willows for the garden. In: Gartenpraxis 35 (Issue 08/2009), pp. 17-21.
  6. ^ Itea japonica at Plants For A Future

Web links

Commons : Itea  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Iteaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  • B. Verdcourt: Escalloniaceae in Flora Zambesiaca , Volume 7, 1983: Choristylis - Online.