Jewish community of Dierdorf

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The Jewish community in Dierdorf in the Neuwied district ( Rhineland-Palatinate ) was a Jewish community that emerged in the 18th century and whose roots go back to the Middle Ages . The Jewish community was extinguished 1938/42 as part of the German deportation Jews in the Nazi era .

history

Although Jews lived in the Upper County of Wied as early as the 14th century , they can be found almost without exception in the Runkel rule . In the centuries that followed, the Jews had occasionally settled in the smaller towns around Puderbach . At the time, Puderbach was originally part of the Electorate of Trier and, from 1471, the Wied office of Dierdorf ;

In 1769, Count Christian Ludwig zu Wied-Runkel (1762–1791) appointed Gumprich Meyer, who came from Weyer, as head of the Jews. In addition, this rabbi in the County of Wied-Runkel. The first proven head of Jews in the Dierdorf office was Hirsch Loeb, appointed by Count Johann Ludwig zu Wied-Runkel in 1742.

During this time, Jewish families lived in Urbach , Niederhofen , Puderbach , Sessenbach and Woldert . Brechhofen near Raubach , Hilgert , Elgert , Hausen and Lautzert . The Duchy of Nassau attacked since 1809 even exacerbate into the existing organizational forms of the Jews. At that time all Jews living in the Dierdorf district were counted as part of the synagogue community Heddesdorf , later Neuwied . Since 1781 visited all Jews, including those of future mayors Puderbach and low warning Bach in Dierdorf the prayer room of the Jewish schoolmaster Elias. In the understanding of the time, the Jewish school was to be equated with the house of God (the later synagogue ).

At that time (from 1781) the office of head of the Jews lay with Herz Sirnon, later with his sons Löw Herz and Joseph Herz. The Jews of the community of Dierdorf came from the country around Puderbach and Urbach from places like Oberdreis , Udert , Raubach or Freirachdorf . The Prussian law of 1847 called on the Jews to create an orderly form of coexistence. In the period that followed, the synagogue congregations emerged as they existed until the Second World War . In 1847 the Jews around Dierdorf, Puderbach and Urbach belonged to the Neuwied synagogue community. That constituency was eventually asked to elect three representatives. From 1850 the synagogue community Dierdorf existed, but the Jews living around the places Puderbach and Urbach did not want to belong to it. The Jewish community of Dierdorf received the statutes in 1864. The synagogue community included Dierdorf, Großmaischeid and Giershofen . In 1910 the Dierdorf Jewish elementary school was rebuilt. According to the report of the mayor of Dierdorf, the Jewish residents of Niederwambach went either to Oberdreis or to Puderbach in the prayer rooms there.

The Jewish chief of the parishes of Urbach, Raubach, Puderbach, Niederwambach and Oberdreis applied for a new cemetery to be laid out in 1846. According to the reports of the mayors in Steimel, Urbach and Dierdorf, all the communities in the Dierdorf office had previously owned a joint Jewish cemetery near Dierdorf, which would now be completely full. The Jews in Dierdorf wanted to buy a place that the other communities did not consider suitable because it was often flooded. The applicants wanted to create their own Jewish cemetery in Puderbach, where cheap farmland was plentiful. So finally the Dierdorf Jews bought 100 rods in the community of Brückrachdorf, later a piece near the old cemetery on Giershofer Weg. In 1829 the first synagogue was opened in Dierdorf. In 1929 a new building followed, which was destroyed in 1938.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of the Jewish community and the Dierdorf synagogue near Alemannia Judaica
  2. ^ A b c d e Albert Hardt: Jews in the surrounding area from Puderbach : Vom Holzbach zur Wied, Puderbach 1992. Pages 131–146 at genealogy.net ( Memento from April 27, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Hellmuth Gensicke: Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes . 3. Edition. Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1999, page 384; ISBN 3-922244-80-7
  4. ^ History of the Jewish community and the Puderbach synagogue near Alemannia Judaica