Jewish cemetery (Schleiden)

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View from the entrance to the south (2017)
Looking north to the entrance (2017)

The Schleiden Jewish Cemetery is located in the town of Schleiden in the Euskirchen district in North Rhine-Westphalia . The burial ground is under monument protection standing monument .

history

In 1865 the Israelite community acquired the 2389 m² triangular property from the Schleiden civil parish for the construction of a Jewish cemetery . The property, which is situated on a steep hillside on the Ruppenberg, is located opposite the castle on the opposite side of the valley. The location illustrates the inaccessible terrain in which Jews often had to bury their dead.

During the time of National Socialism , the burial place came into the possession of the town of Schleiden in 1944 by means of expropriation and from there in 1951 it was returned to the current legal successor, the Jewish community that died out as a result of the Holocaust. In the 1990s, Ruth Schmitz-Ehmke mentions the existence of around 15 single-round-arched closed steles from the 19th and 20th centuries. There are 13  tombstones ( mazewot ) on site. A fourteenth stone was found after 1969 between the original grave monuments of the married couple Julie Haas, b. Levi (1806–1849) and Abraham Haas (1793 / 1801–1860). After 1972, Arie Efrat also had the names of the “descendants chiseled into the base of the grave monument of his grandparents, David Haas (1846–1929) and Henriette Haas, née Bock (1834–1930), who no longer lived in Schleiden at the time of the persecution of the Jews , but also perished. ”“ While the one to two dozen tombstones used to lie in the open forest, ”as Arie Efrat wrote in the 1990s, the front part of the property on which the burial places are now is covered by a recent hunter fence surround. With almost 600 m² of the total area, this sub-area comprises a triangle that tapers towards the street Kapellenweg.

Memorial stone

In conjunction with the commemoration in memory of the Fifty years ago, on the night of 9 to 10 November 1938 organized by supporters and sympathizers of the Nazis and performed Kristallnacht was the city Schleiden on 16 November 1988 at the entrance of the cemetery a memorial stone with the inscription of thirteen Jews who fell victim to the tyranny between 1933 and 1945. This was preceded by a declaration of readiness from the city of Schleiden from 1969 to set up such a memorial.

The inscription on the memorial stone, which is now hardly legible, caused criticism at the time. Not least because of obvious inaccuracies, but also because of its incompleteness, as well as the application of the names of former Jewish citizens of the city, who were born in Gemünd , did not live in Schleiden before 1929, or were deported from Kall (Ester Bergstein ). A correction or further information did not take place despite direct reference by Hans-Dieter Arntz on the part of the city of Schleiden. In the bulletin for the town of Schleiden (official gazette) of December 16, 1988 one could read: "With this the town Schleiden has clarified its Jewish history in an exemplary way!"

Memorial stone from 1988 (June 28, 2017)

“
IN MEMORY OF THE CITIZENS
ALBERT HAAS March
5, 1877 NANNY HAAS December
6, 1891 ROLF HAAS January 2, 1922
JOSEF HAAS March 19, 1882
ELSE HAAS February 28, 1898
DORIS HAAS March
10, 1922 EDITH HAAS May
20, 1927 JULIE HAAS December 1, 1878
MARTIN HAAS June 10, 1898 . 1883
JENNY ROSE TREE 03/14/1887
ERNST ROSE TREE 05/11/1896
EMILIE ROSE TREE 07/24/1898
ESTER BERGSTEIN 18/02/1904
VICTIMS
OF VIOLENCE REIGN
1933-1945
November 10, 1988
CITY SCHLEIDEN "

- City of Schleiden

The entry of the Jewish cemetery in the list of monuments of the city of Schleiden took place on March 28, 1988 (No. 95).

  • Julie Haas

  • Abraham and Julie Haas, new stone from after 1969

  • Abraham Haas

  • Markus Schweitzer

  • Henriette and David Haas gravesite from 1931 with addition in the base (after 1972)

See also

Web links

Commons : Schleiden Jewish Cemetery  - Collection of images

literature

  • Hans-Dieter Arntz: 31st EPILOGUE - The attempt to make amends in: persecution of Jews and helping refugees in the German-Belgian border area. Schleiden district, Euskirchen, Monschau, Aachen, Eupen / Malmedy Kümpel, Volksblatt-Druckerei, Euskirchen 1990, ISBN 3-9800-787-6-0 , pp. 732-734.
  • Arif Erat: The missing monument. Unsuccessful search for the memorial in Schleiden , in: District of Euskirchen. Yearbook 1994 , published by Kreis Euskirchen, Weiss-Druck, Monschau 1993, pp. 53–57.
  • Thorben Michalski: The Jewish Cemetery in Schleiden In: Jüdische Friedhöfe und Jewish Bestauungskultur (= Geschichtsforum Schleiden eV (Ed.): Annual Issue 2019, Issue 4, Schleiden 2018, pp. 182-192 .; Excerpt from the specialist work The Jewish life in Schleidener Tal , Städtisches Johannes-Sturmius-Gymnasium Schleiden, school year 2017/2018), p. 183 f.
  • Elfi Pracht : Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Part I: Cologne District. (= Contributions to architectural and art monuments in the Rhineland, Volume 34.1 ) JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-7616-1322-9 , p. 378 and Fig. 280.
  • Jewish cemetery in: Ruth Schmitz-Ehmke , Barbara Fischer: The architectural and art monuments of the Euskirchen district. City of Schleiden (= The architectural and art monuments of North Rhine-Westphalia I. Rhineland 9.9) Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7861-1873-6 , p. 98 and Fig. 254.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Elfi splendor: Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Part I: Cologne District.
  2. ↑ Jewish cemetery in: Ruth Schmitz-Ehmke, Barbara Fischer: Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler des Kreis Euskirchen. City of Schleiden
  3. ↑ Jewish cemetery in: Ruth Schmitz-Ehmke, Barbara Fischer: Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler des Kreis Euskirchen. City of Schleiden Plate 126, Fig. 254.
  4. ^ Arif Erat: The missing monument. Unsuccessful search for the memorial in Schleiden p. 57.
  5. ^ Arif Erat: The missing monument. Unsuccessful search for the memorial in Schleiden , in: District of Euskirchen. Yearbook 1994 , published by the Euskirchen district, Weiss-Druck, Monschau 1993, p. 54.
  6. ↑ tim-online.nrw.de , accessed on July 23, 2017.
  7. ↑ Hans-Dieter Arntz: persecution of Jews and escape aid in the German-Belgian border area. Schleiden district, Euskirchen, Monschau, Aachen, Eupen / Malmedy p. 732 f.
  8. ↑ a b Hans-Dieter Arntz: persecution of Jews and helping people flee in the German-Belgian border area. Schleiden district, Euskirchen, Monschau, Aachen, Eupen / Malmedy p. 734.
  9. ^ Elfi splendor: Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Part I: Cologne District. P. 417 fig. 280.

Coordinates: 50 ° 31 '31.9 "  N , 6 ° 28' 35.6"  E