Jacobo Sureda

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jacobo Sureda Montaner (* 1901 Valldemossa Palma ; † June 1935 Gènova ) was a Spanish painter and poet .

Life

Jaime Felipe Sureda Montaner, called Jacobo, was born in 1901 as one of eleven children. His father Juan Sureda Bimet (1873-1947), a trained lawyer and privateer , was a culture-mad man who wrote national and foreign writers, painters, musicians, but also politicians in his "Palau del Rey Sancho" (Palace of King Sancho), not far away the Charterhouse of Valldemossa , offered a hostel. Due to his patronage , which later ruined him, many personalities, including Rubén Darío , Miguel de Unamuno and Santiago Rusiñol , came to his house. The mother María del Pilar Montaner Maturana (1876–1961) was a painter and, among other things, portrayed some of her guests. Jacobo Sureda grew up in this environment and was culturally and politically active at a very early age.

Jacobo Sureda and the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges (1899–1986), who in 1919 brought the avant-garde ideas of ultraism from Madrid to Mallorca, had a close friendship. Sureda, along with other young intellectuals on the island, was a member of the literary movement Ultraísmo , which emerged in Spain in 1918 with the declared intention of countering the modernism that had determined Spanish poetry since the late 19th century . This avant-garde group included, among others, Miguel Ángel Colomar (1903–1970), Ernesto Dethorey (1901–1998) and Juan Alomar, to whom Mallorca became too crowded, especially from 1936 when the Spanish Civil War broke out. Together with Jorge Luis Borges, Sureda wrote the manifesto of this first Spanish avant-garde movement in 1921. The Ultraism had sought the goal of aesthetic upheaval in which to build the lyric purely on visual impact. The Mallorcan also worked as a journalist with publications of liberal ideas, for example in the newspaper "El Día", which existed from 1921 to 1939.

Sureda suffered from a lung disease all his life and he had to leave the island again and again for health reasons. He went to Italy and then to Germany, from where he sent home chronicles about the cultural, social and economic situation of these nations. In 1922 Sureda went to the St. Blasien sanatorium in the southern Black Forest, where he had his collection of poems "El Prestidigitador de los cinco sentidos" (The Juggler of the Five Senses) printed in 1926. The second edition appeared in 1985 in Palma de Mallorca.

He was accepted as a painter in the Ey gallery in Düsseldorf , where he met Max Ernst and Otto Dix . He dedicated his first volume of poetry to Johanna Ey and invited her to Mallorca in 1926. In the spring of 1927, Ey accepted the invitation and stayed there for a long time.

In Paris, on his further European tour, he met the American painter Eleanor Sackett and married her. In 1929 his daughter Pilar Sureda Sackett was born. In Mallorca, they bought the finca "Ca's Potecari" in Gènova, a suburb of Palma . Between 1930 and 1935, the house became a meeting place for artists such as the pianist George Copeland (1882–1971), the painters Adolf Fleischmann , Ulrich Leman , Pedro Sureda , sculptor and painter María Magdalena de Pazzis Sureda Montaner (1907–1939) , Writers Llorenç Villalonga and Irving Peter Pflaum . The gallery owner Johanna Ey also came again around 1933. At that time Sureda was doing very badly, the disease with tuberculosis was advanced, and it was clear that he would not live long. In the last years of his life, Sureda made drawings for his daughter Pilar. Jacobo Sureda died in June 1935 in his house "Ca's Potecari" in Gènova. His wife left Spain with daughter and went back to America .

plant

He was considered a painter and poet who was independent of art movements. His oil paintings, painted with rough brushstrokes, were limited in the composition to the essentials and are noticeable through the neglect of details. Sureda's graphic works included templates for wood engravings with which he illustrated his own poems. Sureda spent half of his short life abroad. He painted landscapes, but also the cities of Valldemossa and Palma de Mallorca on his home island.

literature

  • Raúl Manrique Girón, Claudio Pérez Míguez: Álbum de Jacobo Sureda . Del Centro Editores, Madrid, 2012, ISBN 978-84-940761-3-8

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Sureda, Jacobo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sureda Montaner, Jaime Felipe (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish painter and poet
DATE OF BIRTH 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Valldemossa
DATE OF DEATH June 1935
Place of death Gènova