Jacques Philippe de Choiseul-Stainville

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Portrait of the Maréchal de Choiseul-Stainville

Jacques Philippe de Choiseul-Stainville (born September 6, 1727 in Lunéville , † June 2, 1789 in Strasbourg ), comte , since 1786 duc de Stainville, (called duc de Choiseul-Stainville), baron de Dommanges, was a marshal of France .

Life

origin

Jacques Philippe de Choiseul came from the Maison de Choiseul , a noble family from Choiseul in what is now the Haute-Marne department . This extraordinary family represented a great number of important figures in the Kingdom of France ; five marshals, a cardinal, two bishops, and several statesmen. The roots of the family are proven in the 12th century.

He was the son of François-Joseph de Choiseul (1696–1769), 2nd Marquis de Stainville , baron de Beaupré, State Councilor, Imperial Chamberlain, etc. and Françoise-Louise de Bassompierre († 1758). His brothers included the Marshal of France Étienne-François de Choiseul and the Prince Archbishop of Cambrai Léopold-Charles de Choiseul-Stainville .

Military career

He began his military service in the armed forces of the Holy Roman Empire under Maria Theresa . After the captain had been promoted to the Dragoons, he was awarded the breast star awarded the Order of St. Stephen's and chamberlain of Emperor I. Franz appointed. He was also transferred as a colonel to a Chevauleger regiment . He was then promoted to major general and in 1759 to field marshal lieutenant.

The following year he submitted his resignation and switched to French services. Here he was placed under the command of Maréchal Victor-François de Broglie with the title of lieutenant général des armées . He remained under this command until the end of the Seven Years' War in order to be appointed inspector in command of the Corps des Grenadiers de France and inspector general of the infantry after the peace agreement .

In 1770 he was appointed Governor General of Lorraine and Bar and on June 13, 1783 Marshal of France. In 1788 he moved to the post of Governor General in Alsace . He was also in command of the fortresses of Strasbourg and Épinal .

On February 2, 1786 he was awarded the Order of the Holy Spirit and elevated to Duc de Choiseul-Stainville. (However, this increase in status only happened «à brevet», it was therefore tied to the person and not inheritable.)

The Duc de Choiseul-Stainville died on June 2, 1789 in Strasbourg at the age of 61.

French awards

  • Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit (Versailles, February 2, 1786)
  • Knight of the "Ordre de Saint-Hubert du duché de Bar" (1783)

Marriage and offspring

He married on April 3, 1761 in Paris the Thomasse-Thérèse de Clermont d'Amboise (1746–1789), daughter of marquis Georges-Jacques de Clermont d'Amboise (1726–1746), Château de Reynel , Colonel of the Régiment de Bretagne -Infantry and Marie-Henriette Racine du Jonquoy. They had the following children:

  1. Marie Stéphanie (born November 10, 1763 in Stainville; † April 6, 1833 in Paris) ⚭ October 6, 1778 in Amboise Claude-Antoine-Gabriel de Choiseul, duc de Choiseul-Stainville (1760-1838), whose daughter:
    1. Jacqueline Béatrix Gabrielle Stéphanie (* February 24, 1782 in Paris; † March 13, 1861 ibid), from 1810 to 1814 lady-in-waiting of Empress Marie-Louise and from 1831 to 1848 companion of Queen Marie-Amélie , ⚭ on July 11, 1804 in Besançon Philippe-Gabriel, duc de Marmier (1783–1845), no descendants;
  2. Marie Thérèse (* 1767; † July 27, 1794) ⚭ 1782 prince Joseph de Monaco (1767–1816), whose children:
    1. Honorine (April 22, 1784; † May 8, 1879) ⚭ 1803 René de La Tour du Pin (1779–1832), marquis de La Charce, without descendants;
    2. Athénaïs (* June 22, 1786; † September 11, 1860 at Château de Fontaine-Française) ⚭ 1814 Louis Le Tellier, marquis de Souvré et de Louvois, comte de Tonnerre (* 1783; † 1844) ( Le Tellier de Louvois )
    3. Delphine (born July 22, 1788), died in childhood.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ as since the spelling reform of 1996 Field Marshal Lieutenant referred
  2. ^ "ArmorialSaintEsprit116

Web links

literature

  • Charles Gavard "Galeries historiques du Palais de Versailles" Editeur: Imprimerie royale 1842
  • Michel Popoff & Hervé Pinoteau "Armorial de l'Ordre du Saint-Esprit" (D'après l'œuvre du père Anselme et ses continuateurs) Edited by: Le Léopard d'or Paris 1996 ISBN 2-86377-140-X
personal data
SURNAME Choiseul-Stainville, Jacques Philippe de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Marshal of France
DATE OF BIRTH September 6, 1727
PLACE OF BIRTH Luneville
DATE OF DEATH June 2, 1789
Place of death Strasbourg , France