Jacob Guiollett
Jakob Guiollett (born February 25, 1746 in Aschaffenburg , † September 5, 1815 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German civil servant and politician in the era of Carl Theodor von Dalberg . He initiated the creation of the Frankfurt ramparts and was their builder .
life and work
In 1778, Guiollett joined the Counts of Ingelheim as a construction and administration specialist . In 1786 the Archbishop of Mainz , Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , appointed him as camera assessor and court chamber councilor in the upper and court marshal's office, and in 1791 as a real member of the court chamber council . When the French army occupied Mainz , he followed the last Archbishop Carl Theodor von Dalberg, first into exile in Aschaffenburg and later, after the dissolution of the archbishopric, to Regensburg .
Dalberg appointed him building director and tasked him with the deconsolidation of Regensburg. In 1806 he sent him to Frankfurt am Main as a travel commissioner to take possession of the imperial city for Dalberg, who had been appointed Prince Primate , and to prepare the Palais Thurn und Taxis as the Prince's residence.
An important task was the 1802 resolved, but only half-heartedly started razing of from the Middle Ages derived Frankfurt city fortifications . As long as the worthless become military fortifications still existed, the city risked at every siege a bombardment with considerable damage, such as in the summer of 1796. Guiollett wrote a memorandum remark about the razing of local fortifications , which was published on 5 November 1806th In it he suggested demolishing the fortified belt of Frankfurt and replacing the bulwarks with a promenade and an English landscape garden , which is now known as ramparts . On January 5, 1807, the prince appointed him Princely Commissarius in the local fortress construction demolition business . Guiollett called in the Aschaffenburg palace gardener Sebastian Rinz to plan the work. In the following years, the Bockenheimer Anlage (1806), Eschenheimer Anlage (1807), Friedberger Anlage (1808/1809) and the Taunusanlage and the Gallusanlage (1810) were built one after the other . The demolition of the Mainz bulwark , a citadel located directly on the banks of the Main, was particularly complex . The Untermainanlage and Neue Mainzer Strasse were built on the site in 1811 . In 1812 he completed work on the Obermainanlage . All fortifications except for the Sachsenhausen cowherd tower and the Eschenheim tower were laid down. Katharina Elisabeth Goethe wrote enthusiastically to her son in 1808 : "The old walls have been demolished, the old gates torn down, a park around the whole city, one thinks it is Feerrey."
In 1809 Dalberg appointed the commissioner senator . During this time the course was set for the redesign of medieval Frankfurt. A new building code issued by the city master builder Johann Georg Christian Hess made classicism a binding architectural style. In the decades that followed, numerous neo-classical new buildings were built, especially in the new development areas along the Frankfurter Anlagenring and outside the former city walls.
In 1810 Dalberg became Grand Duke of Frankfurt . In 1811 he appointed Guiollett as prefectural councilor for the grand ducal department of Frankfurt and as mayor of Frankfurt.
In 1813 the French troops, on their retreat after the lost Battle of Leipzig, devastated the ramparts that had just been built. Guiollett had the facilities restored immediately by city gardener Rinz . With the end of the Grand Duchy and the reinstatement of the old Frankfurt Council Constitution , his offices also ceased.
He died shortly after the Free City of Frankfurt was restored . The grateful citizens of Frankfurt granted him the privilege of having a burial in the facility ring he had created; his grave is at the Rechneigrabenweiher in the Obermainanlage. In 1837 Eduard Schmidt von der Launitz created the Guiollett monument in the Taunusanlage. The Guiollettstrasse in the south west end also reminds of him .
See also
literature
- Wolfgang Klötzer (Hrsg.): Frankfurter Biographie . Personal history lexicon . First volume. A – L (= publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XIX , no. 1 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-7829-0444-3 .
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Guiollett, Jakob |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Guiollett, Jacob |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German civil servant and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 25, 1746 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Aschaffenburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 5, 1815 |
| Place of death | Frankfurt am Main |