James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury KG PC (born April 17, 1791 in London as James Brownlow William Cecil, Viscount Cranborne ; † April 12, 1868 ibid) was a British politician and peer .
He was the father of future three-time Prime Minister Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury and grandfather of future Prime Minister Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour .
Origin and education
Salisbury was the son of James Cecil, 1st Marquess of Salisbury and Lady Emily Mary Hill, daughter of Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire . As his father's apparent marriage , he carried the courtesy title Viscount Cranborne until 1823 .
He was at Eton College trained and graduated in 1813 then at Christ Church College of Oxford University studies with a Master of Arts degree.
Political career
Salisbury was 1813 MP for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis in the House of Commons and from 1817 to 1823 for Hertford . From 1818 to 1827 he was Commissioner for India Affairs.
On March 22nd, 1821 he changed his family name with a Royal License from "Cecil" to "Gascoyne-Cecil" as his father-in-law's general heir and took the family coat of arms into his. In 1823 he succeeded his father as Marquess of Salisbury and became a member of the House of Lords .
In 1826 he became Doctor of Civil Law and a member of the Privy Council . In the government of Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby , he was Lord Seal Keeper from 1852 to 1853 and then Lord President of the Council between 1858 and 1859 . In 1842 he became a Knight of the Order of the Garter .
Between 1841 and 1868 he was Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex .
family
Lord Salisbury was married twice. His first marriage was on February 2, 1821, with Frances Mary Gascoyne (1802-1839), daughter and heiress of Bamber Gascoyne, landlord of Childwall Hall in Lancashire , and his wife Sarah Bridget Frances Price. They had six children together:
- James Emilius William Evelyn Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne (1821–1865), died unmarried;
- Lady Mildred Arabella Charlotte Gascoyne-Cecil (1822–1881), ⚭ Alexander Beresford Hope ;
- Lord Arthur Gascoyne-Cecil (1823-1825);
- Lady Blanche Mary Harriet (1825–1872), ⚭ James Maitland Balfour; Mother of Prime Minister Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour ;
- Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903), three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , ⚭ Georgina Alderson;
- Lord Eustace Brownlow Henry Gascoyne-Cecil (1834–1921), Lieutenant-Colonel in the British Army , ⚭ Lady Gertrude Louisa Scott.
His second marriage was on April 29, 1847, Lady Mary Catherine Sackville-West (1824-1900), daughter of George Sackville-West, 5th Earl de La Warr , and his wife Elizabeth Sackville-West, 1st Baroness Buckhurst . They had five children:
- Lord Sackville Arthur Cecil (1848–1898), died unmarried;
- Lady Mary Arabella Arthur Cecil (1850-1903), ⚭ Alan Stewart, 10th Earl of Galloway ;
- Lady Margaret Elizabeth Cecil (1850–1919), died unmarried;
- Lord Arthur Cecil (1851–1913), ⚭ (1) Elizabeth Ann Wilson, ⚭ (2) Frederica von Klenck, daughter of the diplomat Baron Otto von Klenck, from Gmunden , and his British wife;
- Lord Lionel Cecil (1853–1901), Lieutenant-Colonel in the British Army, died unmarried.
Lord Salisbury died in 1868, and his third and oldest surviving son succeeded him as Marquess.
Individual evidence
- ↑ leighrayment.com House of Commons: West Lothian to Widnes . Archived from the original on July 22, 2018. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
- ↑ leighrayment.com House of Commons: Hertford to Honiton . Archived from the original on October 11, 2018. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
- ↑ Mr James Cecil in Hansard (English)
- ↑ James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury on thepeerage.com
- ↑ London Gazette . No. 21296, HMSO, London, February 27, 1852, p. 634 ( PDF , English).
- ↑ London Gazette . No. 22103, HMSO, London, February 26, 1858, p. 1019 ( PDF , English).
- ↑ London Gazette . No. 20090, HMSO, London, April 12, 1842, p. 1017 ( PDF , English).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gascoyne-Cecil, James, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gascoyne-Cecil, James Brownlow William, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury (full name); Cecil, James, Viscount Cranborne; Gascoyne-Cecil, James, Viscount Cranborne |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British politician and nobleman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 17, 1791 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | London |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 12, 1868 |
| Place of death | London |