Jan Blahoslav

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Jan Blahoslav

Jan Blahoslav (German Johannes Blahoslaus ; Latin Joannes Blahoslaus ; born February 20, 1523 in Přerov , † November 24, 1571 in Moravský Krumlov ) was Bishop of the Bohemian Brothers . He was an excellent humanist and writer . He also wrote Czech grammar and song texts and translated the New Testament and parts of the Old Testament into the vernacular. In part he also used the pseudonym Apteryx ( ancient Greek for wingless ).

Life

From 1540 Jan Blahoslav attended the grammar school in Proßnitz and from 1543 the Protestant Latin school in Goldberg in Silesia, whose principal was Valentin Potsendorf . In 1544 he enrolled at the University of Wittenberg , where he met Martin Luther , Philipp Melanchthon and Caspar Peucer . In 1546 he returned to Proßnitz and in 1548 he went to Jungbunzlau , where for a short time he organized the archives of the Brothers' Union. From 1549 he studied in Königsberg and then in Basel . In 1552 he returned to Jungbunzlau, where he was ordained a priest a year later. On behalf of the Brothers' Union, he undertook several diplomatic trips to Germany and to the sovereign in Vienna, where he sought the release of the Brethren Bishop Jan Augusta .

After Jan Blahoslav was elected as Brothers-Bishop for South Moravia in 1557, he lived in Eibenschütz , where he founded a priestly school in 1562 and a printing company that had to work in secret. In 1564 the New Testament, which he translated from Greek and Latin into Czech, was printed in it. It was published under the title "Nový zákon ( z jazyku řeckého ) vnově do češtiny přeložený Léta Páně 1564 v Ivančicích". The second edition followed four years later ( secunda editio diligenter recognita anno 1568 ). This translation also formed the basis for Volume VI of the Kralitz Bible , which was printed in Kralitz in 1593/1594 , where the Eibenschützer printing works had to be relocated in 1578. When Blahoslav had translated the New Testament into Czech in 1564, he sent a copy to Caspar Peucer , who then encouraged him to translate the Old Testament and other important ecclesiastical writings into Czech. Blahoslav then sent Peucer a German and a Czech version of the denomination of the brothers.

Jan Blahoslav died in Moravský Krumlov (Mährisch Kromau) in 1571. His body was buried in Eibenschütz.

Works (selection)

  • O původu Jednoty bratrské a řádu v ní , 1547
  • Gramatika česká , 1551–71
  • Musica, to jest Knížka zpěvákům náležité zprávy v sobě zavírající , 1558 ( This title is the oldest music theory work in the Czech language )
  • Kancionál šamotulský , 1561
  • Filipika proti misomusům , 1567
  • The song collection Písně chval božských contains several songs by Jan Blahoslav

literature

  • Marshall T. Brown: John Blahoslav - Sixteenth-Century Moravian Reformer. Transforming the Czech Nation by the Word of God , foreword by Jan Hábl and Thomas K. Johnson (= Christian contributions to European identity , Vol. 2 ISSN  2195-299X ). Verlag für Kultur und Wissenschaft , Bonn 2013, ISBN 978-3-86269-063-3 (English).
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  BLAHOSLAV, Jan. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 607-608.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Josef Janáček: Jan Blahoslav. Study s ukázkami z díla Svobodné Slovo, Prague 1966, ( Odkazy pokrokových osobností naší minulosti ).
  • Jan Kouba: Blahoslavův rejstřík autorů českobratrských písní a jeho pozdější zpracování . In: Miscellanea musicologica 17, 1962, ISSN  0544-4136 , 1-175.
  • Rudolf Quoika : The Musica of Jan Blahoslav 1569 . In: Society for Music Research Congress Report 1953, ZDB -ID 966845-7 , pp. 128-131.
  • Olga Settari: Blahoslav jako hudební teoretik a hymnograf . In: Z Kralické tvrze 5, 1971, pp. 18-28.
  • Thomas Paul Sovík: Music Theorists of the Bohemian Reformation. Translation and Critique of the Treatises of Jan Blahoslav and Jan Josquin . University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor MI 1987, (Also: Columbus OH, The Ohio State University, Diss., 1985).

Web links

credentials

  1. ^ A b Martin Roebel: Humanistic Medicine and Cryptocalvinism. Life and medical work of Wittenberg medical professor Caspar Peucer (1525–1602), Centaurus Verlag Freiburg 2012, Modern History of Medicine and Science, editor Wolfgang U. Eckart , vol. 31, p. 96f. doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-86226-845-0
  2. ↑ MT Brown at itg Institute for Theology and Community Building ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.itg-studium.at
  3. ↑ FM Bartoš: BRATRSKÝ SPISOVATEL JAN JOSQUIN , in: Listy filologické / Folia philologica , Ročník 79, Číslo 2 (1956), pp. 239-242
personal data
SURNAME Blahoslav, Jan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Blahoslaus, Johannes; Blahoslaus, Joannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of the Bohemian Brethren as well as a humanist, writer and song poet
DATE OF BIRTH February 20, 1523
PLACE OF BIRTH Přerov
DATE OF DEATH November 24, 1571
Place of death Moravský Krumlov