Janka Bryl

Janka Bryl ', 1985

Cyrillic ( Belarusian )
	Янка Брыль
Transl. :	Janka Bryl '
Transcr. :	Janka Bryl

Janka (Iwan Antonawitsch) Bryl (Belarusian Янка (Іван Антонавіч) Брыль, scientific transliteration Janka (Ivan Antonavič) Bryl '), (born August 4, 1917 in Odessa ; † July 25, 2006 in Minsk ) was a Belarusian writer.

Life

Childhood and youth

Bryl's father Anton Danilovič Bryl left his home village in southern Belarus in 1892 in search of work. 30 years later, he returned to his homeland due to a serious illness and brought his family, which he had founded in Odessa, with him. The young Janka Bryl 'attended a primary school there, then a secondary school in the neighboring village of Turešč until 1931. During his school days, he became interested in Polish literature, especially Orzeszkowa , Prus and Maria Konopnicka . According to his own account, the contact with the literary works is the most important thing he could take with him from his school days. Bryl wrote his first poems when he was eleven. His family had brought books from Odessa and his mother taught him to read in Russian even before elementary school.

The works of the writers Alexander Sergejewitsch Pushkin , Mikhail Jurjewitsch Lermontow , Wassili Andrejewitsch Schukowski , Alexei Wassiljewitsch Kolzow and Ivan Andrejewitsch Krylow exerted a great influence at the time . At school he came into contact with the books by Janka Kupala and Jakub Kolas . In his first stories, nature and rural work were the subject of his work. In autumn 1932 he visited the library in Turez for the first time, where he discovered the literature of Fyodor Michailowitsch Dostojewski , Maxim Gorkis , Kopolenks and Anton Pavlovitsch Chekhov for himself. Belarusian writers like Taras and Gušča also began to interest him. The greatest influence on his subsequent works, however, was to keep Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy .

First literary work

In 1936 the Belarusians held by Poland in the neighboring villages of Lykoviča, Čižinovza and Kačana were released. The stories that the former prisoners had to tell had a lasting impact on the young Bryl 'and led to his first political interest. His experiences with the social injustice that prevailed in the then Polish-ruled part of Belarus were processed in the brief short stories My Homeland (Belarusian Мой край родной) and Orphan's Bread (Russian Сиротский хлеб) . In the latter story, the hero Danik Malez is confronted with injustices; only in resistance does he find a way out. In the mid-1930s, Bryl 'came into contact with Belarusian literary circles and became part of a literary movement based in Vil'no. There he began to read the magazine Our Will (Belarusian Наша Воля) and got to know the revolutionary poetry of Maksim Tank . The first poems were published in the magazine Млях молаццi in 1938 .

An excerpt from one of these poems:

--- Ну, проклятая!

Як быццам ты не знаеш,

Што ў хляве карова не ўстае,

Што канiна шоры ледзь цягае,

Што ў хаце хлеба не стае,

Што год за годам ў лесе даражае ...

Army time

In 1939 Bryl 'was called up in the Polish army. He was deployed in the Gryni garrison. After three weeks of combat, he was taken prisoner by Germany. In Germany he first had to work as a forced laborer in the Szczecin agriculture and later in the Upper Palatinate glassworks. In the summer of 1940 he made an attempt to escape, which failed and led to his transfer to Bavaria. In August 1941 he managed to escape, which led him back to his home village. In the spring of 1942 he joined a partisan corps, where he was used as a scout. At the same time he acted as editor of the magazines Banner of Freedom (Belarusian Знамя свободье) and Hello the Partisans (Belarusian Партiзанское хало) . He worked through his time in the partisan corps in the short story The Homeland Hears (Belarusian Родина слышит) . After Minsk was liberated by Soviet troops in June 1944, he took part in a partisan parade. In October 1944 he moved to Minsk.

post war period

In 1946 the story collection Tales (Belarusian Рассказы) with five stories, including Miracles (Belarusian Марвеля) , which was created in 1937. The second collection of stories appeared in 1947 under the title Нёманскiя казакi . In the same year he began work on the novel Border (Belarusian Граница) , which remained unfinished. Two years later, the first part of the novel appeared under the name of the day before (Belarusian Накануне) . In the years from 1947 to 1949, the novella cycle For a true joy (Russian Для натоящей радости) was created . Two years later, the novel You are my best friend was published (Belarusian Ты мой лучший друг) .

In 1952 he was awarded the Stalin Prize. In the following years the publications increased. It appeared На быстранке , short stories Go have (Belarusian Нужно съездить) , my home country (Belarus Мой край родной) , Последния в стреча восемь and a fragment of the rainbow (Russian Осколочек радуги) . In the years from 1962 to 1964 he worked on his novel Birds and Nests (Belarusian Птушкi i гнëзды) , which was first published in German in 1968 by the publishing house Culture and Progress of the GDR . The novel arose from stories like the sun shines through clouds and living things and rotten things , which were already written in 1942/1943 after his escape from captivity, when he was hiding in his mother's hut. He received the title of Writer of the People of the Belarusian SSR in 1981 . In 1994 he was elected to the National Academy of Belarus.

Bryl 'died on July 25, 2006 after a long illness in Minsk; he was buried two days later.

Narrative style

After the war he became one of the most famous Belarusian writers. His novels and stories such as Confusion , The Inscription on the Wooden Scaffolding , Memento Mori and A Handful of Sunbeams are characterized by their lyrical narrative and popular language to this day. The heroes described in his stories show typical characteristics of the western Belarusians. Often an idealistic, cheerful, nature-loving, but poor hero meets an opponent who is blind to the beauty of this world.

Works

• Апавяданнi. Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1946.
• Нёманскiя казакi , Апавяданнi i нарысы, Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1947.
• Вераснёвая рунь. (Апавяданнi i нарысы), Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1949.
• Лiпка i клёнiк. Апавяданнi. Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1949.
• У Забалоццi днее. Аповесць. Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1951.
• Зялёная школа. (Апавяданнi для дзяцей), Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1951.
• Дзеля сапраўднай радасцi. (Аповесць i апавяданнi), Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1952.
• Светлае ранне. Апавяданнi. (Для дзяцей малодш. Узросту), Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1954.
• На быстрансы. (Аповесць i апавяданнi), Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1955.
• Вачыма друга. Польскi дзённiк, Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1956.
• Сэрца камунiста. Нарыс, Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1957.
• Пачатак сталасцi (Аповесць i апавяданнi), Для дзяцей сярэдн. узросту. Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1957.
• Надпiс на зрубе. Апавяданнi, Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1958.
• I смех i бяда. (Апавяданнi) Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1958.
• Мой родны кут. (Апавяданнi, нарысы, аповесць) Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1959.
• Выбраныя апавяданнi. Мінск, Вучпедвыд, 1959.
• Збор твораў. у двух тамах, Мінск, Дзяржвыд, БССР, 1960.

Published in German:

• Country without pan. Publishing house culture and progress, Berlin 1953.
• Birds and nests. Publishing house culture and progress, Berlin 1968.

literature

• Сцяпан Майхровiч: Янка Брыль, Жыццë i творчасць. Дзяржаўнае выдавецтва БССР, Мінск 1961.
• Юлия Канэ: Янка Брыль, Критико биографический очерк. Советский писатель, Москва 1964.
• Aleksandr Adamovič: Janka Bryl. In: Soviet literature. 8, 1977, pp. 150-154.

Web links

• belarus-misc.org
• knihi.com
• whoislog.info