Jaunitz

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Jaunitz
Data
location Freistadt district , Mühlviertel , Upper Austria
River system Danube
Drain over Aist  → Danube  → Black Sea
source West of Summerau train station, Rainbach municipality
48 ° 32 ′ 55 ″  N , 14 ° 26 ′ 14 ″  E
Source height 880  m above sea level A.
muzzle at Freistadt coordinates: 48 ° 29 ′ 24 "  N , 14 ° 30 ′ 19"  E 48 ° 29 ′ 24 "  N , 14 ° 30 ′ 19"  E

length 11 km
Catchment area 41.5 km²
Right tributaries Kronbach
Small towns Free City
Communities Rainbach im Mühlkreis , Waldburg , Kefermarkt (mixed group)

The Jaunitz is an approximately 11 km long tributary of the Feldaist in the Mühlviertel in Upper Austria and covers a catchment area of ​​41.5 km². Typologically, it is one of the waters of the granite and gneiss highlands .

geography

The river rises west of the Summerau train station in the municipal area of Rainbach im Mühlkreis . Below Summerau the Jaunitz joins the Rainbach and flows in a south-easterly direction through a narrow valley, the Jaunitzsenke , into the Freistadt basin and flows south of Freistadt into the Feldaist.

The river has only a slight gradient and is part of the Feldaist Basin , which is the lowest transition from the Danube to the Vltava . The most important tributary is the 6.6 km long Kronbach , which flows into the village of Jaunitz .

In the upper reaches, the Jaunitz forms the municipal boundary between Rainbach and Waldburg , in the lower reaches the border between Waldburg and Freistadt and Freistadt and Kefermarkt .

environment

In the Jaunitzsenke there is a large groundwater conservation area to ensure water quality, which is not yet used intensively. The municipalities of Waldburg and Freistadt take some of the drinking water they need from this groundwater reservoir.

Investigations in the 1950s determined that the groundwater area extends north over the main European watershed . The investigation also found that the direction of flow of the groundwater is from south to north, contrary to the direction of flow of the surface waters. In addition, there are Jaunitzsenke tertiary deposits and rolling gravel sediments in large extent, so that believed that this is the valley of an originally much larger flow in the Tertiary , was the great-Moldavia or the origin Rodl .

The river forms long meandering stretches which, especially in the lower reaches, are prone to large-scale flooding.

fauna and Flora

There is a pipe grass fallow with floristic rarities between Waldburg and Freistadt. Furthermore, a few years ago Prussian laser herb , Hartman's sedge and the devil's bite could be found along the Jaunitz near Freistadt .

Water quality

The Jaunitz has a good water quality class from I-II.

History and traffic

The name Jaunitz, like many other -itz rivers in the region, comes from the Slavic ('valley of the maple'), and is evidence of the first settlement in this area.

The Jaunitz served as a border as early as the Middle Ages when the Garsten Abbey was given the land between Jaunitz and Aist in 1142 . The area to the west of the Jaunitz was part of the Passau diocese . Later, the Jaunitz served as southern Burgfried limit of Freistadt.

Because of the slight gradient, the Linz-Gmunden horse-drawn railway took the route through the narrow valley (Jaunitzsenke) from 1832 . The Summerauer Bahn has been using the valley since 1872 , on a largely similar route as the horse-drawn railway before. The narrow valley is not open to traffic and only unpaved roads lead through the valley, which serve as a horse-drawn railway hiking trail. The valley widens south of the Lengauer farmstead and here the Böhmerwald Straße , the Hirschbacher Landesstraße and several goods roads lead through the valley. The Freistadt train station is also located in this area.

The Jaunitzbachtal military cemetery was laid out directly on the Jaunitz in 1916 .

literature

  • Klaus Berg, Clemens Gumpinger, Simonetta Siligato: Defense register of the Aist and its tributaries. Water protection report 41st Office of the Upper Austrian Provincial Government, Environment and Water Management Department, Surface Water Management Department, Linz 2009, pp. 72–73 ( Jaunitz section ; PDF; 5,844 kB on land-oberoesterreich.gv.at).
  • Office of the Upper Austrian state government, nature conservation department (ed.): Volume 30: Leonfeldner Hochland spatial unit. Vienna 2007 ( PDF; 976 kB on land-oberoesterreich.gv.at).
  • Office of the Upper Austrian State Government, Nature Conservation Department (Ed.): Volume 41: Central Mühlviertel Highlands. Vienna and Linz 2007 ( PDF; 1.2 MB on land-oberoesterreich.gv.at).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ which suggests that the lower course was probably called "Kronbach" in the past, as places of the same name are always at the mouth.
  2. ^ Federal Chancellery: Entire legal regulation for V groundwater conservation area Jaunitztal - Freistadt , accessed on January 23, 2009.
  3. ↑ Ignaz Nößlböck: The emergence free Little City in Upper Austria. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Year 80, Linz 1924, p. 78 ( PDF (3.5 MB) on ZOBODAT ).