Jean-Joseph Tarayre

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Général Jean Joseph Tarayre

Jean-Joseph Tarayre , ( May 21, 1770 in Solsac, municipality of Salles-la-Source , near Marcillac-Vallon , † November 27, 1855 in Rodez , Aveyron ), was a French general of the Revolution and the First Empire .

Life

Jean Joseph Tarayre was the son of the wealthy farmer Francois Tarayre and his wife Antoinette Poujols and the second oldest of 12 children.

After studying for several years at the seminary of Saint-Geniez-d'Olt , then at the College of Rodez, he attracted attention for his patriotism and intellectual abilities and was invited to the Aveyron department on the Fête de la Fédération on July 14, 1790 to represent.

In his first marriage he was married to Anna Cambier (1790-1817) daughter of Jacob Jan Cambier, Minister of the King of Holland . The marriage had five children.

In his second marriage he married Élisabeth van Mierlo (1790–1871), with whom he had a daughter.

Between 1840 and his death in 1855, he retired in Salles-la-Source and managed his estates in Billorgues. He conducts interesting agricultural experiments there and tried to apply the agricultural practices that he saw during his stay in Holland to his estates.

Military career

Portrait of Général Tarayre.

As a staunch Republican, he joined the "2 e bataillon de volontaires de l'Aveyron" (2nd Aveyron Volunteer Battalion) on July 4, 1792 as a captain . He served in the Armée d'Italie from 1792 to 1797 . During the siege of Toulon in December 1793, he was wounded on his right leg by a musket ball.

With the “First Amalgam” ( Premier amalgame ) on April 16, 1794, he became the “56 e demi-brigade de bataille” and with the “Second Amalgame” on July 9, 1796, he became the “85 e demi-brigade d'infanterie de ligne ”. In May 1798 Tarayre was embarked to take part in the Egyptian expedition . During the siege of Acre on April 19, 1799, he was wounded on his right thigh and by a musket ball. He suffered a further wound in the chest on May 9th when he planted a flag on a breach in the wall while storming. On May 13th he was promoted provisionally by Bonaparte to Chief de bataillon of the "85 e demi-brigade" and on June 9th he was appointed in command of the Fort of Salahieh (Upper Egypt).

Then transferred to the division of Jean-Louis-Ebenezer Reynier , he was able to distinguish himself on March 20, 1800 in the battle of Heliopolis . On October 14, 1800 provisionally appointed Adjudant-général of général Menou , he became commander of Suez on October 18 . On April 7, Tarayre was provisionally promoted to Chef de brigade of the "21 e demi-brigade lègère" and was able to earn merit on June 27 under Belliard at the surrender of Cairo when he was responsible for the conclusion of the agreement on the evacuation of the French Troops was responsible. Embarked on August 9, 1801 to return to France, his rank as Chef de brigade was confirmed on December 30, after his return to France.

Service in Holland

Between 1893 and 1805 he was posted to the military camp in Bruges and then transferred in September 1805 to the “Armée du Nord” under Louis Bonaparte . On July 15, 1806, he was appointed Colonel of the "Grenadiers of the Guard of the King of Holland" (Grenadiers de la garde du roi de Hollande). On August 1, the Emperor granted permission to change into Dutch service.

Major General on 30 August 1806 then "Colonel général" of the Dutch Guards on 27 November 1806 he was awarded the Dutch on January 1st, 1807 order of the union honored with the Grand Cross of the same Order on February 16 1807th On August 3, 1808 he was promoted to lieutenant general in the Dutch army and in 1809 received the post of governor of Bergen-op-Zoom . On July 30th, Tarayre became commander-in-chief of the Dutch armed forces that were taking action against the British forces that had landed on Walcheren . ( Walcheren expedition ).

Back in the French army

Retired from the Dutch service on January 30, 1810, he was reassigned to the French army as Général de brigade on February 23, 1810 and appointed Baron of the Empire in the same year . On February 9th, he was placed à la suite of the General Staff of the Grande Armée . On February 22nd, he was awarded the Order of Reunification . On February 29, the À la suite position was converted into an active post on the General Staff of the Grande Armée, which was preparing for the campaign in Russia . On June 2, 1812 he was in Kovno and on September 15 took command of a brigade in the 1st Corps of Davout , where he took command of the 1st Brigade in the 4th Infantry Division of the Reconnaissance Corps on March 1, 1813 Rhine took over. Since March 12th, he commanded the 1st Brigade of the 11th Infantry Division in the 3rd Corps of Maréchal Ney with which he participated in the Battle of Lützen (May 2nd, 1813), and the Battle of Bautzen (May 20th and 21st, 1813 ) was used.

On August 10, 1813, Jean-Joseph Tarayre was awarded the Legion of Honor and on August 16, he took over the position of Chief of Staff of the 3rd Army Corps as the successor to Antoine de Jomini . This was followed by deployments in the Battle of the Katzbach on August 23, 1813, the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig on October 16 to 18, 1813 and the Battle of Hanau on October 30, 1813. On November 2, 1813 he was given command of a brigade of the 51st Division of Général Jean-Baptiste Pierre de Semellé in the 4th Army Corps. On November 16, 1813, he took command of the 1st Brigade of the Paris Reserve Division and on February 11, 1814, he was given the task of grouping the field guards in Versailles in a battalion . On March 29, 1814, he was appointed commander of the Somme department and was released from active service on September 1, 1814.

King Louis XVIII awarded him on October 11, 1814 the Order of Chevalier de Saint-Louis and on January 20, 1815 the title of Lieutenant-General .

During the reign of the Hundred Days , he was initially given the command of the 1st Army Corps of the "Armée du Nord" and on May 9th received the order to organize the National Guard in the 13th Military District. On July 10th, he handed over his command to Général Bigarré and finally resigned from military service on August 1, 1815.

MP

On September 11, 1819, he was elected deputy of the great College of Charente-Inférieure , where he sat on the far left, but his election was declared invalid on December 4 because of a formal error.

He was re-elected to Parliament on April 24 with 442 votes out of 689. Here he fought against the budget proposal of 1821 and was called to order on July 3, 1820, for saying that the government would no longer enjoy the affection of the majority of the French. In 1824 he did not run for election and retired to Solsac. Commander of the Rodez National Guard since August 3, 1830, on October 29 of the same year he became inspector of the National Guard in charge of five departments. After he was transferred to the reserve on February 7, 1831, he was adopted on June 1, 1835 into retirement.

He then became president of the “Central Agricultural Society in Aveyron” (Société d'agriculture du département de l'Aveyron) and a member of the Society of the “Humanities and Arts of Aveyron” (Société de lettres, sciences et arts de l'Aveyron). Within this learned society he proposed the opening of a canal ( Suez Canal ) between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea in 1842 .

He died on November 27, 1855 in Rodez.

Awards

Chevalier on December 11, 1803.
Officier June 14, 1804.
Commandeur on August 10, 1813.
Chevalier on October 11, 1814.

Honors

A street is named after him in both Rodez and Salles-la-Source. A statue of him, which was in the abandoned "Saint-Cyrice" cemetery in Rodez, was moved to the square in front of the church "Église du Sacré-Cœur de Rodez".

literature

  • De la Force des Gouvernements, ou du Rapport que la force des Gouvernements doit avoir (1819)
  • Importance de l'Égypte et de l'isthme de Suez, Rodez, Carrère, 26 pp. (1855)
  • Observations à M. Thiers sur son histoire: l'expédition des Anglais sur l'île de Walcheren (1855)
  • Jules Duval "Le lieutenant-général Tarayre, ancien député de la Charente-Inférieure, président de la société d'agriculture du département de l'Aveyron (1860)"
  • Georges Six "Dictionnaire biographique des généraux & amiraux français de la Révolution et de l'Empire (1792–1814)" pp. 484–485 Editeur Paris: Librairie G. Saffroy, 1934, 2 volumes

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Archives départementales de l'Aveyron - 4E262-7 SOLSAC BM 1767/1777 [1]
  2. ↑ Archives départementales de l'Aveyron - 4E212-37 RODEZ D 1855/1855 [2]
  3. ↑ In the volunteer battalions the officers were initially elected
  4. ↑ This was not a promotion because he had switched to this unit from French service.
  5. ↑ Lieutenant-General Tarayre Memoires de la Societe des lettres, sciences et arts de l'Aveyron Rodez Éditeur E. Carrère, Volume 3 in 1842 [3]
  6. ↑ À nos Grands Hommes - La monumentalité en cartes postales: Monument: Jean-Joseph Tarayre [8315] [4]
personal data
SURNAME Tarayre, Jean-Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French brigadier general
DATE OF BIRTH May 21, 1770
PLACE OF BIRTH Solsac, municipality of Salles-la-Source , near Marcillac-Vallon
DATE OF DEATH November 27, 1855
Place of death Rodez , Aveyron department