Jean Charles Abbatucci (General)
Jean Charles Abbatucci (born November 15, 1771 in Zicavo ( Corsica ), † December 2, 1796 in Hüningen ( Alsace )) was a French general .
Life
Jean Charles Abbatucci came from an important Corsican family; he was the son of the Corsican general Jacques Pierre Abbatucci and Maria Angéla Costa. Abbatucci completed his training at the Military Academy in Metz in 1788 and became a lieutenant in the Second Artillery Regiment. After three years he switched to the newly established mounted artillery. At the beginning of the campaign in 1792 he was still captain of the artillery in the Rhine Army , but distinguished himself in such a way that he was promoted to lieutenant colonel at the end of 1792 . He became adjutant to Jean-Charles Pichegru in December 1793 and fought in Holland in 1794.
After Abbatucci's appointment as adjutant general (1794), Jean-Victor Moreau entrusted him with the preparation of the second Rhine crossing near Kehl ( Baden-Württemberg ), which the young general made possible by conquering Weißenburg on the Franco-German border (June 24, 1796) . Because of this bravery, Abbatucci was promoted to Général de brigade the following day . After a first division of his army had already perished in the raging Lech in Bavaria on June 27, 1796 , he managed to cross the river through special encouragement from his soldiers and exemplary behavior; he is even said to have personally rescued some men who had been driven away by the floods by swimming. Thereupon he defeated the Austrian army positioned on the bank; it was his second win that day. This success brought about his promotion to Général de division on July 10, 1796 . In August 1796 he reached Italy with a division and then defeated the troops of French emigrants near Westerheim . He later conquered the cities of Lindau and Bregenz together with his superior, General Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino (1747-1816) . Abbatucci helped Moreau's army, pressed by the enemy, to retreat across the Rhine.
When Moreau crossed the Rhine again at Hüningen after the battle of Schliengen , covered by Abbatucci's brigade (October 25, 1796), he left the able young general with a division to defend this base in order to protect Alsace. An Austrian army under Lieutenant Field Marshal Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg besieged the position of the French from November 28, 1796, against whom they launched an unsuccessful attack two days later. However, Abbatucci, who was only 25 years old, was fatally hit by a Hungarian grenadier and died on December 2, 1796 of his injuries.
Honors
- Abbatucci's bust was placed in the Battle Gallery of the Palace of Versailles , which opened in 1837 .
- His name is engraved on the Paris triumphal arch (eastern pillar, column 17).
- In 1854 a marble statue was erected for him in Ajaccio .
- On the road from Sankt Ludwig to Hüningen, Moreau had a modest monument built for the fallen Abbatucci (1801), which was destroyed by Austrians and Swiss during the siege of 1815. It was not rebuilt until 1828 after a patriotic fundraising campaign. It was restored in 1856 and decorated with two bronze bas-reliefs by Philippe Grass . In 1904 it was moved to the place named after Abbatucci in Hüningen. The general's death in battle is then depicted.
literature
- Gasser: Abbatucci, Charles. In: Dictionnaire de biographie française . Vol. 1, 1933, Col. 66.
- Abbatucci, Johann Karl. In: Historical-Biographical Lexicon of Switzerland . Volume 1, p. 43.
- Adolf Bütler, Franz August Stocker : General Abatucci , In: FA Stocker (editor): Vom Jura zum Schwarzwald, Fifth Volume, Aarau 1888, pp. 241–266 online in the Internet Archive
- Karl Florentin Leidenfrost : French Heldensaal or the life, deeds and current fates of the most memorable heroes of the republic and the empire, in particular Napoleon's comrades in arms and marshals , Bernhard Friedrich Voigt , Ilmenau 1828, pp. 3–5
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Abbatucci, Jean Charles |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 15, 1771 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Zicavo ( Corsica ) |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 2, 1796 |
| Place of death | Hüningen ( Alsace ) |