Jean-Étienne Liotard

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Self-portrait , pastel, 1773
The Chocolate Girl , pastel, 1743/1745

Jean-Étienne Liotard (born December 22, 1702 in Geneva ; † June 12, 1789 ibid) was a Geneva pastel and enamel painter .

life and work

After the Edict of Fontainebleau of 1685, Jean-Étienne Liotard's parents, like around 50,000 other Huguenots, fled or were expelled from France. Liotard was initially trained by Daniel Gardelle in Geneva and was a student of the history and miniature painter Jean-Baptiste Massé in Paris from 1723 to 1736 . He mainly focused on portraits , with particular interest in pastel and miniature portraits. After completing his training, in 1736 he began a journey of several years through Italy , Greece and as far as Constantinople , where, from 1738, he lived and drew for five years, dressed as a Turk.

In 1743 Liotard came to Vienna ; It was there that one of his most famous works was created, The Chocolate Girl , which is now in the Old Masters Picture Gallery in Dresden . In 1745 he stayed in Venice, later in Vienna. From 1745 to 1746 he worked in Darmstadt. Between 1748 and 1753 Liotard worked in Paris, meanwhile overwhelmed by numerous orders. In 1753 he went to London , where, for example, he painted a pastel portrait of the Prince of Wales , later George III. , which is now in the Royal Collection . He then went to Holland and married the daughter of a French merchant in Amsterdam . The portrait of François Tronchin with his Rembrandt painting “Young Woman in Bed” was created in 1757. In 1758, after another stay in Paris, he finally settled in Geneva, where he worked for about 30 years and from where he made occasional trips to Vienna (1762), Paris (1770), London (1773), Vienna (1778). Liotard died in Geneva in June 1789.

Works

Still life , pastel, 1782

In his late work, Liotard, who admired the painter Jean Siméon Chardin , also turned to the still life , experimenting with radically simplified pastel compositions of the objects. He countered the impression of primitiveness in the audience by clearly noting his signature and age in these works.

Jean-Étienne Liotard's pastels were particularly valued at the Viennese and French courts; Liotard is also considered one of the preferred miniature painters of his time. Thematically, his work can partly be ascribed to orientalism . Important collections of Liotard's pastels can be found in the Dresden Old Masters Gallery, in the Musée d'art et d'histoire (Geneva) , in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam , in the Weimar Palace Museum .

literature

  • Annette Geiger: Original image and photographic view. Diderot, Chardin and the prehistory of photography in the 18th century. Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7705-3974-5 .
  • Rouven Pons: Jean-Étienne Liotard in Darmstadt (1745–1746). About the reception of a famous artist in the province. In: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte, 2010 issue 1, pp. 41–66.
  • Lexicon of Art . Volume III. West Berlin 1981.
  • Jean-Etienne Liotard. Geneva 1702–1789. Collection of the Musée d'Art et d'Histoire, Geneva. Catalog for the exhibition at the Kunsthaus Zürich, June 16–24. September 1978.
  • The Empress's children. Twelve colored portraits of the children of Maria Theresa. Insel book no.613, 1955

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Chocolate Girl by Jean-Etienne Liotard. In: Cosmopolis. October 1, 2018, accessed on April 12, 2019 (en-EN).
  2. ^ Jean-Étienne Liotard , madamedepompadour.com
  3. ↑ Annette Geiger: Original image and photographic view. Diderot, Chardin and the prehistory of photography in the 18th century. 2004, p. 163
  4. ↑ Dresden Old Masters Picture Gallery . Catalog of the exhibited works. Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, 1987, p. 364
  5. ↑ Lexikon der Kunst (III, 1981), p. 26

Web links

Commons : Jean-Étienne Liotard  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Liotard, Jean-Etienne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French-Swiss pastel and enamel painter
DATE OF BIRTH December 22, 1702
PLACE OF BIRTH Geneva
DATE OF DEATH June 12, 1789
Place of death Geneva