Jean Jansen

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Jean Joseph Jansen (born June 24, 1825 in Cologne ; executed October 20, 1849 in the Rastatt fortress ) was a German geometer and revolutionary from 1848/49.

Life

Jean Jansen attended the Jesuit grammar school in Cologne up to secondary school . Due to financial problems, he learned the profession of geometer and was employed by the government in Cologne as a cadastral assistant. Together with the barber Egelbert Bedorf and the doctor Andreas Gottschalk , he was one of the founders of the Cologne community of the League of Communists before 1848 .

In the March Revolution in Cologne, he became involved in the emerging democratic movement. On March 3, 1848, he took part in the mass assembly that demanded political reforms such as universal suffrage , freedom of the press and freedom of assembly, but also the protection of work in front of Cologne City Hall . On April 13, 1848, Jansen was elected as deputy chairman of the Cologne workers' association. He was a member of the Democratic Society and the Rhenish District Committee of Democrats.

On the morning of July 3, 1848, Andreas Gottschalk, Fritz Anneke and Christian Joseph Esser were arrested. On the same day Jansen called the workers to calm down with a "wall notice". Jansen and the workers' association protested in front of the Cologne town hall. He was to be arrested the next day. Jansen fled to Strasbourg . Thereupon he was wanted on the basis of the Prussian penal code because of § 87 "Resistance against state power", § 91 joint resistance and § 102 to have called for resistance by word and writing.

On July 6th, Joseph Moll was elected as the new president of the workers' association. In Strasbourg, Jansen participated together with Karl Blind a. a. he turned against members of the National Assembly who wanted to force Lorenz Peter Brentano to a duel . Together with others, he campaigned for financial support for the republican German refugees in France and Switzerland. In October 1848 he was referred to Besançon together with his friend August Willich . Jansen became a captain in Willich's corps.

During the Baden Revolution in May / June 1849, Jansen took part in the battle near Waghäusel on June 21, 1849 . Shortly afterwards, he and Karl Bernigau, whose adjutant he was, were captured by Prussian soldiers, mistreated and deported to Heidelberg . On July 31, 1849, he was brought to Rastatt fortress. On August 24th, the Prussian court martial sentenced him to death. The Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV refused a pardon. On October 20, 1849, Karl Bernigau, Jean Jansen and Friedrich Wilhelm Schrader were shot.

In 1850 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels threw in the article " Gottfried Kinkel " in the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politico-economic review Kinkel presents: "A direct denunciation against the captured former Prussian soldiers, against Jansen and Bernigau, who were shot soon afterwards. Wasn't it a full recognition of the death sentence against the already shot Dortu ?"

In 1852 the defendant Wilhelm Joseph Reiff was accused in the Cologne communist trial of finding a letter from Jansen to him during a house search.

Publications

  • Workers! […] On behalf of the Cologne Workers' Association: Chairman and Deputy . In: newspaper of the workers' association in Cologne . No. 1 of April 23, 1848, p. 1.
  • To the London Workers Educational Association . In: newspaper of the workers' association in Cologne . No. 9 of June 18, 1848.
  • Members of the workers' association! Citizens! In: Neue Rheinische Zeitung . No. 35 of July 5, 1848, p. 2, column 1.
  • Karl Blind, Albert, Roman Schweizer, Eduard Miller, Popp, Chr. Bauer, Jansen: Notice to those members of parliament who want to duel with Republicans. Strasbourg, August 10, 1848 . In: Neue Rheinische Zeitung . Supplement to No. 79 of August 18, 1848, p. 2, column 1.
  • Jansen, J. Albert, Heinkelmann , O. Dietz, Ph. Betz: Appeal to all free-thinking Germans. Strasbourg, August 22, 1848 . In: Neue Rheinische Zeitung . Supplement to No. 93 of September 3, 1848, p. 2, column 2.

literature

  • Cologne, June 7th. We are asked to include the following report from Mr. JHJ Jansen from here about his arrest. In: Neue Rheinische Zeitung . No. 38 of July 8, 1848, p. 1, columns 1-2.
  • Minutes of the committee meeting of the Cologne workers' association on July 6, 1848 . In: newspaper of the workers' association in Cologne . No. 14 of July 13, 1848.
  • [Profile against “Joh. Jos. Jansen "]. In: Official Journal for the Düsseldorf administrative region. Born in 1848 . Düsseldorf 1848, No. 46 of July 24, 1848, p. 347. Digitized
  • Jean Joseph Jansen . In: Rheinisches Echo. Sunday paper of the Westdeutsche Zeitung . Cologne 1859. No. 2 of November 11, 1849, pp. 11-12. Digitized
  • Karl Bittel : The Communist Trial in Cologne 1852 in the mirror of the contemporary press. Edited and introduced . Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1955, pp. 72, 154, 156, 163.
  • Herwig Förder, Martin Hundt , Jefim Kandel, Sofia Leviowa (editor): The League of Communists. Documents and materials . Volume 1: 1836-1849 . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1970, pp. 803-804, 820-821, 823, 967-968, 1096, 1108, 1117-1119.
  • Gerhard Becker : Jansen, Johann (Jean) Joseph . In: History of the German labor movement. Biographical Lexicon . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1970, p. 231.
  • JHJ Jansen to Karl Marx . In: Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe . Department III. Volume 3. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1981, p. 332.
  • Joseph Hansen : Rhenish letters and files on the history of the political movement 1830-1850. Volume 2, 1845-1848, April-December 2, 1848 . Edited by Heinz Boberach. Baedeker, Essen an der Ruhr 1976, pp. 43, 234, 317 f.
  • Irmgard Stamm: "The revolution devours its children". Jean Jansen from Cologne, shot in Rastatt in 1849 . In: Yearbook of the Cologne History Association 82. (2013/2014), Cologne 2015, pp. 223–234.

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ^ Statement by Peter Gerhard Roeser about the Bund der Kommunisten in Cologne ( Der Bund der Kommunisten. Documents and materials , p. 967.)
  2. ↑ Hans Stein: The Amsterdam workers' association . EJ Brill, Leiden 1937, p. 112.
  3. ^ Newspaper of the workers' association in Cologne . No. 1 of April 23, 1848.
  4. ↑ Marcel Seyppel: The democratic society in Cologne 1848/49. Urban society and the emergence of parties during the bourgeois revolution . Janus-Verlags-Gesellschaft, Cologne 1991, p. 157.
  5. ↑ Neue Rheinische Zeitung . No. 35 of July 6, 1848, p. 1, column 2.
  6. ^ Official Journal for the Düsseldorf administrative region. Born in 1848 .
  7. ↑ Prussian Stragsetzbuch § 87
  8. ↑ Prussian Stragsetzbuch § 91 Call for resistance by several people
  9. ^ Prussian Stragsetzbuch § 102 Who by word and writing
  10. ^ Appeal to all free-thinking Germans. Strasbourg, August 22, 1848 .
  11. ↑ Rastatt Casemate Tales of a Freed Person. November 1849 . Theodor Krull, Meisenheim 1850, p. 77 f.
  12. ↑ The People's Mother . Munich 1849, p. 400 and 639.
  13. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition . Department I. Volume 10. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1977, p. 319.
  14. ^ Karl Bittel, pp. 72 and 163.
  15. ↑ Printed in: Der Bund der Kommunisten, p. 1117 f.
personal data
SURNAME Jansen, Jean
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jansen, Jean Joseph (full name); Jansen, Johann Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geometer, revolutionary 1848/49
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1825
PLACE OF BIRTH Cologne
DATE OF DEATH October 20, 1849
Place of death Rastatt