Jean de Bougy

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Jean le Reverend, Marquis de Bougy (* 1617 ; † 1658 ) was Lieutenant-General under King Louis XIV.

Life

Jean de Bougy (also spelled Bougi or Bougis) came from the old French aristocratic family Révérend de Bougy (see family tables le Révérend de Bougy et du Mesnil from 1400) from the (present-day) Calvados department in Basse-Normandie . Even his grandfather "Seigneur Olivier Reverend de Bougy" received special honors under the command of the Duc de Montpellier through his effective engagement against the league as the savior of Caen . King Henry III let Bougy announce, "that his loyalty, which he has also shown on many other occasions, saved him as such the whole of Lower Normandy".

Jean de Bougy was the youngest of 16 siblings. He began his military career at the age of 12 as a cadet in a unit of the Royal Guard ( Maison militaire du roi de France ); then he was cornet in the Compagnie des gendarmes de Berry , which the Marquis de Gassion, Mestre de camp général cavalerie , had bought with the permission of Louis XIV, the Marquis de Virville at a price of 132,000 livres.

Later, at the French court, Bougie was considered an important mediator between Cardinal Mazarin and Marshal de Gassion .

In 1651 the Queen had the Maréchal de camp de Bougy, who was staying in Flanders at the time, come to Paris. This made sure that Anna of Austria , Louis XIV. And Cardinal Mazarin could travel safely to Fontainebleau .

The services he performed during the Fronde were important enough to be placed in command of the king's troops. He successfully fought the rebels under the Comte d'Harcourt. When he penetrated the province of Berry , he forced the insurgents to give up the city of Bourges , into which the king was able to move a short time later. He had already taken the area of ​​Chateau Portien before, which induced the king to transfer this area to him.

After the Prince Conti had withdrawn from Mouron and Guyenne, de Bougy was ordered to pursue him under the direction of the Comte d'Harcourt . He sent him with 500 riders over the not easy to pass, extensive landscape of water and moor of Ne in Santones. Behind it stood the rebels with 4,000 horsemen and 5,000 infantrymen. He defeated this force and took 500 cavalrymen, including a number of officers, prisoner. During the siege of Cadaqués on Cap de Creus in Catalonia , he acted as a commander and with his troops repelled the attackers. He snatched a sergeant's halberd , threw himself into the crowd and, following his example, pulled the soldiers with him. He was wounded but was able to stay at his post until the place was taken.

In 1653 he was taken prisoner by the enemy, but was released on word of honor the following year .

Bougy was in the service of Prince de Conti from 1654 to 1657, until he was forced to submit official leave because of an injury to his chest and to be treated in Montpellier . After he could not be cured either there or in Bordeaux , he went to his wife in Calonges , where he died in 1658 at the age of forty. There were great condolences from all sides.

As a Huguenot, he was denied the title of Marshal of France . The Queen and Cardinal Mazarin had written several times asking him to change religion. He would have been given the marshal's baton and rule of his choice. His answer was that if he could choose to betray his god for the staff of a Marshal of France, he could have betrayed the king for a ridiculous nothing. However, he is not in a position to betray neither his god nor his king and is satisfied that others are satisfied with him. However, the king established him a marquisate in Basse-Normandie, the lordship of Bougy, which was registered in the Chambre des comptes on September 9, 1669 . The service that the Marquis de Bougy rendered to the king can be measured by the number of his injuries: he was hit five times by a musket ball , among other things .

Through the mediation of the Queen and Mazarins, he married Comtesse Marie de la Chaussade de Callonge in Guyenne on February 14, 1654, with whom he had a son Jean Jacques de Bougie , who had the title of Marquis de Chaussade, Baron de Calonges and later as Mestre de camp in the regiment Colonel-Général cavalerie served.

Bougy is also considered to be a signatory to the Treaty of Westphalia .

literature

  • Essays
    • Le chateau de Calonges I . In: Revue de L'Agenais , 1903, January / February.
    • Le chateau de calonges II . In: Revue de L'Agenais , 1904, January / February
    • Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société Archéologique et Historique de la Charente , 1937.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bougy - Bougie - Bogie - family association . Bougie family association. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
  2. ↑ (cf. "Acta pacis Westphalicae", ISBN 3402049945 , pages 1672, 1706, 1753.)
personal data
SURNAME Bougy, Jean de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bougie, Bougis, le Reverend de Bougy, Marquis de Bougi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Lieutenant-General of the French Army
DATE OF BIRTH 1617
PLACE OF BIRTH Caen
DATE OF DEATH 1658
Place of death Calonges