Johann Baptist Wanhal

Johann Baptist Vanhal

Johann Baptist Wanhal , Czech: Jan Křtitel Vaňhal (in contemporary German-language sources also Wanhall ) (born May 12, 1739 in Neu Nechanitz / East Bohemia; † August 20, 1813 in Vienna ) was a Bohemian composer .

Life

Johann Baptist Wanhal was the son of an East Bohemian farmer. In 1761 he came to Vienna through Countess Schaffgotsch , where he received lessons from Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf . From 1769 to 1771 he lived in Italy, where he under the influence of Florian Leopold Gassmann with the composition of operas began. This was followed by short stays in Croatia and Hungary. In 1780 he finally settled in Vienna.

Wanhal is considered to be one of the first composers who subsisted solely on the proceeds of their works and their teaching activities. Ignaz Pleyel was one of his students.

His more than 1,300 compositions include over 100 quartets and 73 symphonies as well as numerous piano and chamber music works . Among his numerous symphonies, the G minor symphony (Bryan g2) stands out. He also wrote programmatic music , including a piano sonata to celebrate the Battle of Trafalgar . He wrote a solo concerto for the double bass , a rare solo instrument.

Works (selection)

Symphonies

• Symphony in A major Bryan A9
• Symphony in A flat major Bryan A flat 1
• Symphony in B flat major Bryan B3
• Symphony in C major Bryan C3
• Symphony in C major (Comista) Bryan C11
• Symphony in D major Bryan D2
• Symphony in D major Bryan D4
• Symphony in D major Bryan D17
• Symphony in G major Bryan G6
• Symphony in G major Bryan G8
• Symphony in G major Bryan G11
• Symphony in A minor Bryan a2
• Symphony in C minor Bryan c2
• Symphony in D minor Bryan D1
• Symphony in D minor Bryan D2
• Symphony in E minor Bryan e1
• Symphony in E minor Bryan e3
• Symphony in G minor Bryan g1
• Symphony in G minor Bryan G2

Concerts

• Violin Concerto in B flat major
• Cello Concerto in A major
• Cello Concerto in C major
• Double bass concerto in E flat major
• Concerto for two bassoons and orchestra in F major
• Concerto for bassoon and orchestra in C major
• Flute Concerto No. 1
• Flute Concerto No. 2
• Organ Concerto in F major (Concerto for Organ and Orchestra)

String quartet

• String quartet in G major op.4 No. 1

Piano quartets

• Piano Quartet in E flat major, Op. 40 No. 1
• Piano quartet in G major op.40 No. 2
• Piano Quartet in B flat major, Op. 40 No. 3

Piano quintets (Sonates pour le clavecin, avec l'accompagnement des deux violons, viola et violoncelle (ad libitum))

• Piano quintet in G major op.12 No. 1
• Piano quintet in D minor, Op. 12 No. 2
• Piano quintet in B flat major op.12 No. 3

Oboe quartets

• Oboe Quartet op.7 No. 1
• Oboe Quartet op.7 No. 2
• Oboe Quartet Op. 7 No. 3
• Oboe Quartet, Op. 7 No. 4
• Oboe Quartet op.7 No. 5
• Oboe Quartet, Op. 7 No. 6

Trios

• Trio op.20 No. 1
• Trio op.20 No. 2
• Trio op.20 No. 3
• Divertimento a tre (Vl, Va, Kb)
• Trio op. 20 No. 5 for clarinet, violin and piano

Viola sonatas

• Viola Sonata Op. 5 No. 1
• Viola Sonata Op. 5 No. 2
• Viola Sonata, Op. 5 No. 3
• Viola Sonata Op. 5 No. 4

Piano and organ works

• 6 fugues for the organ or piano. Vienna 1805
• Grout for organ

Religious music

• 58 fairs
  • MS 1 G major Missa Pastoralis (approx. 1782: Weinmann XIX: G4, Austrian National Library Mus.Hs.926)
  • MS 2-C major Missa Solemnis (approx. 1778: Weinmann XIX: C7, Austrian National Library Mus.Hs.22290)
• Pange Lingua (Vienna)
• 1 creed
• Kyrie and Gloria
• 54 offers
• 16 Salve Regina
• 10 litanies
• 14 motets
• Stabat Mater
• Te Deum
• Tantum ergo
• Pange Lingua

Operas

• Il Demofonte ; Libretto: Pietro Metastasio ; WP : 1770, Rome; lost
• Il trionfo di Clelia ; Libretto: Pietro Metastasio; Premiere: January 8, 1776, Hoftheater Munich; lost

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Wanhal, Johann Baptist . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 53rd part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1886, pp. 60–63 ( digitized version ).
• Robert Eitner :  Wanhal, Johann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, p. 156 f.

Web links

Commons : Johann Baptist Vanhal  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature and other media by and about Johann Baptist Wanhal in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
• Works by and about Johann Baptist Wanhal in the catalog of the German National Library
• Works by and about Johann Baptist Wanhal  in the German Digital Library
• Sheet music and audio files by Johann Baptist Wanhal in the International Music Score Library Project
• Catalog raisonné
• Johann Baptist Wanhal Association (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ own spelling

See also: List of Composers