Johann Baptist von Schauenburg

Johann Baptist von Schauenburg

Johann Baptist Freiherr von Schauenburg (born August 29, 1701 in Herlisheim , † March 6, 1775 in Valletta ) was Grand Prior of the German Order of Malta from 1755 to 1775 and Imperial Prince of Heitersheim.

Life

Johann Baptist was born on August 29, 1701 as the son of Franz Joseph von Schauenburg (1667–1738) in Herlisheim and Maria Regina von Froberg. The ancestral castle of Schauenburg is located near Oberkirch in the Ortenau district (Baden-Württemberg). At the age of three he was accepted into the Order of Malta. Schauenburg's parents granted the privilege of this early admission of their son, which opened up dazzling opportunities for him, since many posts in the order were assigned according to seniority ( seniority ) and these were also childhood years. On October 23, 1716, the actual entry ( revolt ) into the order took place as a novice. He gained military experience in the French Picardy Regiment (1723). He later became the captain of an order galley. From 1724 to 1729 he was a peacemaker among his confreres, a kind of arbitrator in disputes. In 1726 he was commissioner for the health service in Malta and also administrator of the nobility certificates of the knights. In 1735, 1739 and 1741 he acted as the council of the German language in Malta. In 1735 he was also a judge and auditor for the German language. In 1735 and 1740 he was a member of the commission for the galleys. In 1752 and 1755 he was procurator of the public treasury. From February 17, 1752 to February 7, 1755 he was Grand Bailli of the Order of Malta.

As early as 1750 (until 1755) he was assigned the Kommende Bruchsal and (Kron-) Weissenburg , and in 1753 he received the Kommende Villingen , which he held until 1775.

On February 15, 1755, Johann Baptist von Schauenburg was appointed Grand Prior of Germany by Grand Master Manuel Pinto de Fonseca . For his office as Grand Prior, von Schauenburg received the priories from Utrecht , Cologne , Heimbach , Bubikon and Freiburg i. Br. In Neuhausen one comes across traces of his building activity.

Even after his appointment as German Grand Prior, von Schauenburg continued to transfer religious functions to Malta, where he a. a. was temporarily entrusted with tasks in the military preparation against a feared attack by the Turks in 1761 and with the supervision of the order's fleet . In 1772 he was commissioner of the travel agency and a member of the commission that worked out instructions for caravans and military campaigns. In 1774 he was commissioner for the defenses.

Johann Baptist von Schauenburg died on March 6, 1775 in Valletta and was buried in the local St. John's Co-Cathedral . His elaborately designed grave slab has been preserved.

literature

• Joseph August Ebe: Graves of German knights of the Order of St. John / Maltese in St. John's Church in Valletta on Malta. Melitensia, Paderborn, 1987 ISBN 3-9801071-2-4 (in the following abbreviated Ebe, graves of German knights with corresponding page number)
• Edmund von der Becke-Klüchtzner: Family tables of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Baden: a newly edited book of nobility , Baden-Baden, 1886, p. 405 Family table online
• Christian Jakob August von Berstett : Letter from Baron von Berstett to the editor about a show coin of the Order of St. John in Germany. In: Koehne's Zeitschrift für Münz-, Siegel- und Wappenkunde, Volume 5, Berlin, Posen and Bromberg, 1845, pp. 292–294
• Continued new genealogical-historical news of the most noble events that take place at the European courts, in which at the same time many people of the class have life descriptions. By Michael Ranft . Heinsius, Leipzig, Volume 14. 1775/77, pp. 496-497 online in the Google book search
• Michael Galea: Teutonic Knights of Malta. A portrait gallery. The story of the Knights of St. John in Jerusalem, Rhodes and Malta , 1996 (hereinafter abbreviated to Galea, German Knights of the Order with corresponding page number)
• Gottlob Friedrich Krebel, Gottlieb Schumann: M. Gottlieb Schumann's genealogical hand-book: In which the latest news from all houses of the ruling European emperors and kings, and all spiritual and secular electoral and princes, as well as counts of the Holy Roman Empire , the same of all cardinals, members of royal orders, including cathedral and capitular lords, their arch and high-end donors in Germany, ... Johann Friedrich Gleditschen's action, Leipzig 1758. online in the Google book search
• Walter G. Rödel: The German (grand) priors. In: Bernard Andenmatten (arrangement), Petra Zimmer and Patrick Braun (ed.): Helvetia Sacra, 4th department , volume 7, part 1 Die Johanniter, pp. 51–76, Schwabe Verlag, Basel, 2006, p. 71 / 72.
• Ernst Staehle: The Johanniter and Maltese of the German and Bavarian tongue. History of the Johanniter and Malteser Volume 4. Weishaupt Verlag, Gnas, 2002 ISBN 3-7059-0157-5 , p. 78/79.
• Johanna Maria van Winter: Sources concerning the Hospitallers of St. John in the Netherlands 14th-18th centuries. Brill, Leiden, 1998 ISBN 9004108033 (hereinafter abbreviated to Winter, Sources with corresponding page number and certificate number)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Date according to Becke-Klüchtzner 1702 and Schumann: August 29, 1701; in Galea (1994) August 9, 1701; on the commemorative coin that von Schauenburg himself had minted: 1701.
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Michael Galea: Prince Johann Baptist von Schauenburg and Malta (1701-1775). Grand Prior of the Order of Malta . In: Schau-ins-Land, Volume 113, 1994, pp. 91-105 online at Freiburg University Library
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Roedel, Deutsche Großpriore, p. 74.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Ebe, Gräber deutscher Ritter, pp. 85–88.
5. ↑ in Galea February 7, 1754; this year deviation is probably based on a Maltese date. Since the beginning of the year was set on March 25th according to the annunciation style , one year must be added to data between January 1st and March 24th in order to arrive at the year number that corresponds to the usual form of counting in Germany
6. ↑ ^{a b} Winter, Sources, p. 186, no. 205.
7. ^ Konstantin Karl Falkenstein : History of the Johanniter Order , p. 134 online in the Google book search ; a commemorative coin was minted for this purpose. See also Berstett.
8. ↑ Philipp Zieger: In the footsteps of the Johanniter. In: Südkurier of July 16, 2004; Retrieved February 19, 2016
9. ↑ see homepage www.come2-malta.com ( memento of the original from February 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . A photograph of his grave slab with a translation of the text can be found on Galea p. 102 

annotation

1. ↑ Staehle gives August 1, 1701 as the date of birth.
2. ↑ The Kommenden Hohenrain and Reiden (Galea) as well as Münster and Steinfurt (Ebe) mentioned by Galea and Ebe, which were supposedly still awarded to him, were owned by a somewhat younger namesake.

predecessor	Office	successor
Philipp Joachim von Prassberg	Grand Prior of the German Order of Malta and Prince von Heitersheim 1755–1775	Franz Christoph Sebastian of Remchingen