Johann Ernst Wrede

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Johann Ernst Wrede (also: Johann Ernst Wrede as well as Johann Ernst Wreede and English John Wreden ; born before 1703 ; died after 1745 ) was a German physician, Royal British personal physician , anatomist and demonstrator as well as author of medical publications. As a general staff doctor or staff field scorer , he carried out the first successful smallpox vaccination in Hanover in 1722 .

Life

As Johann Ernst Wrede, the surgeon and general staff doctor, the superior of all Hanoverian military doctors, was obliged in 1719 to instruct and supervise the medical staff of Kurhannover. During the first half of the 18th century and during the personal union between Great Britain and Hanover, he was the royal personal surgeon of both the Prince of Wales and the Princess of Wallis. He also worked as a demonstrator in Hanover.

Wrede came into the public eye at the latest with his font Arteriological Tables, which was reproduced in the Royal Court Printing House in Hanover in 1721 . He dedicated this to his sovereign Georg I , due to, among other things, at the same time and elector of Braunschweig-Lüneburg .

On February 2, 1722, Wrede vaccinated the three-year-old daughter of a musketeer in Hanover ; she became the first patient in town to be so successfully cured of smallpox . Abraham Vater and the Königsberg professor Matthias Ernst Boretius had made recommendations for general smallpox vaccination in Germany as early as 1720, but the English surgeon Charles Maitland is said to have carried out the general smallpox vaccination in Hanover after 1724 - and after him Wrede's son Hugo, according to another account, Hugo led von Wreden carried out the first German vaccination of this kind in Hanover, or this was only done in the presence of “Dr. Hugo" .

Fonts

  • Arteriological tables. In which the arteries, the same ramificationes, and the places where they go, clearly designed, and for better understanding those beginners of surgery illustrated for the best with animated versions , Hanover / Printed in the Königliche Hof-Druckerey, 1721 digitized over the University Library Erlangen- Nuremberg
  • Thorough news of the seven woods found in the stomach of the recently anatomized delinquent named Hessen , Hanover 1723; Digitized by the Bavarian State Library (BSB)
  • JE Wreden Anatomiæ Et Chirurgiæ Demonstratoris, Verneasoniger Gedancken Von der Inoculation der Blattern, Vier Abhandlungen , Hanover, To be found in the Försterischen Buchladen, 1724
    • An essay on the inoculation of the small pox. To which are added, some examples of persons inoculated with good success at Hanover. By John Wreden, Body-Surgeon to His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales (= Reasonable Thoughts from the Inoculation of the Leaves, four essays ), London: printed for J. Jackson, 1729
  • Program, whereby the special structure of the Organorum Generationis Foeminarum Internorum shows with little, and at the same time invites the reader honored according to the professional fee to hear an anatomy of a Cadaveris Foeminini , Hanover, Printed 1725
  • Kurtzer lessons in front of the Heb-wet nurses / on the orders of the high royal government / designed by JE Wreden Anat. & Surgeon. Demonstr. Hannover: Printed in 1727; Digitized via the Göttingen State and University Library
  • An essay on midwifery , Londen 1731
  • Johann Ernst Wredens, on both sides of the Royal Highnesses, the Prince and Princess of Wallis Leib-Chirvrgi, investigation of the now severe cattle epidemic. Suggestion of some aids, and assessment of how these could presumably be curiret and præcaviret , Hanover, In Verlag seel. Nicolai Försters u. Son's heirs, 1745; Digitized by the Berlin State Library - Prussian Cultural Heritage

literature

  • Petra Feuerstein-Herz (Ed.): Johann Ernst Wreden , in this .: Gotts verhengnis und seine straffe. On the history of the epidemics in the early modern period (= exhibition catalogs of the Herzog-August-Bibliothek , No. 84), catalog for the exhibition of the Herzog-August-Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, in the Augusteerhalle ... and in the Globenkabinett from August 14th to August 13th. November 2005, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005, p. 260. ISBN 978-3-447-05225-2

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Johann Heinrich Zedler : Wreden (Johann Ernst) , in ders .: Large complete Universal Lexicon of All Sciences and Arts , Vol. 59, Leipzig; Halle: Zedler 1751, columns 651-652; Digitized via the Bavarian State Library
  2. ↑ n.v . : Wrede, Johann Ernst in the database of Niedersächsische Personen ( new entry required ) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library [undated], last accessed on August 1, 2020
  3. ↑ Erich Hintzsche : Albrecht Haller's diaries of his travels to Germany, Holland and England: 1723-1727 (= Berner Contributions to the History of Medicine and Natural Sciences , Vol. 4), new, improved and increased edition with annotations, Bern; Stuttgart; Vienna: Huber, 1971, pp. 65, 104; limited preview in Google Book search
  4. ↑ Proof of the Gateway Bavaria
  5. ↑ Hubert Steinke (Ed.): Albrecht von Haller. Life - work - epoch (= archive of the Historical Association of the Canton of Bern , vol. 85), Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8353-0264-8 , pp. 27, 544; limited preview in Google Book search
  6. ↑ Proof of his book published in 1745 about the investigation of the now graßirenden cattle epidemic ...
  7. ↑ a b Ralf Pröve : Standing Army and Urban Society in the 18th Century. Göttingen and its military population 1713 - 1756 (= contributions to military history , vol. 47), also dissertation 1992 at the University of Göttingen, Berlin; Boston: Walter De Gruyter - De Gruyter Oldenbourg, ISBN 978-3-486-59576-5 and ISBN 3-486-59576-8 , p. 28; limited preview in Google Book search
  8. ^ A b Carl-Hans Hauptmeyer : 1722 , in: Hannover Chronik , p. 82; limited preview in Google Book search
  9. ↑ Proof of the digitized material
  10. ^ Johann Hermann Baas : The historical development of the medical state of the medical sciences. Friedrich Wreden, Berlin 1896, p. 414; Digitized via archive.org
  11. ^ Journal of the American Medical Association , vol. 18 (1892), p. 215; limited preview in Google Book search
  12. ↑ Lorraine Daston, Fernando Vidal (ed.): The moral authority of nature , Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-226-13682-0 and ISBN 0-226-13682-5 and 978-0- 226-13680-6, p. 399f .; limited preview in Google Book search
personal data
SURNAME Wrede, Johann Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wrede, Johann Ernst; Wreede, Johann Ernst; Wreden, John (English name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician, anatomist, surgeon, general staff doctor and lecturer
DATE OF BIRTH before 1719
DATE OF DEATH after 1745
Place of death Hanover