Johann Faltis
Johann Faltis (born April 6, 1796 in Nieder Wölsdorf near Königinhof on the Elbe , † February 18, 1876 in Trautenau , Bohemia) was a linen industrialist and founder of the mechanical flax spinning mill in Austria.
Life
After training at the Prague trading house Neupauer & Co. , Johann Faltis joined his father's shop for colonial, material and linen goods in Schurz near Königinhof on the Elbe in 1820 . In 1823 he founded a linen manufacture and weaving mill in Trautenau in the Giant Mountains . In 1832 Johann Faltis was temporarily head of Graf Harrach 's linen manufacture in Starkenbach (Riesengebirge) and in Janowitz (Moravia) as well as head of the warehouse in Vienna . He then built up his own industrial company, which became one of the most successful in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.
Industrial companies
Beginning
In 1835 Johann Faltis had English specialists come with whom he set up a workshop in Pottendorf in Lower Austria for the production of flax spinning machines with wooden spindles. In 1836 he had the first flax spinning machines built in Austria installed in Jungbuch in Bohemia and equipped the factory there with the most modern drive machines from England. He expanded this production from 1848 to 1864 by setting up additional flax yarn spinning mills in the Aupa river valley in and near Trautenau. After 1864 he founded other companies in Hainitz near Bautzen and in Liebau in the Landeshut district in Lower Silesia .
At the flax yarn spinning mill Grützner und Faltis in Hainitz, founded in 1864 with his business partner Emil Grützner , Johann Faltis handed over his company shares to his daughter Anna Porak, née Faltis (born May 23, 1823 in Schurz near Königinhof on the Elbe) as a silent partner. In 1882 Emil Grützner handed over his shares in the company in Hainitz to the grandson of the industrialist Johann Faltis (1796–1876) Alfons Porak (1851–1910), a son of Anna Porak, née Faltis, married to Anton Porak (1815–1892), doctor and politician, practicing doctor in Trautenau after 1854, mayor of Trautenau from 1861 to 1866 and member of the Reichsrat. The production in Hainitz had 13,000 spindles at this time, employed around 700 workers and existed until 1931.
In 1858 Johann Faltis went blind, continued to manage the linen industry group with the help of relatives and died in Trautenau in 1876. The Johann Faltis Erben company dominated the European flax market until 1918. Since 1885 the grandson Ernst Franz Xaver Porak de Varna (1849–1918), industrialist, in the nobility since 1895, son of Anton Porak (1816–1892) and Anna, née Faltis, public partner of the Johann Faltis Erben company in Trautenau, Hainitz and Liebau.
The End
Until the end of the First World War, Trautenau in the Giant Mountains remained the center of the flax industry of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . The flax spinning mills Johann Faltis Erben with 40,000 spindles and around 2,000 employees, the Aloys Haase company with 27,000 spindles and around 1,300 employees, the Gebrüder Walzel company in Parschnitz, a suburb of Trautenau and smaller companies consolidated Trautenau's reputation as an international center of linen production and the Linen trade. A weekly yarn exchange founded in 1875 by the industrialist Aloys Haase (1811–1878) and an annual flax market attracted Europe-wide interest and made the town of Trautenau a prosperous stone-built town after the fire of 1864 and the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 .
After the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic , the subsequent inflation of the monetary currency, the breakdown of the increased sales opportunities due to trade restrictions by the government in Prague, there was mass unemployment among workers in the Trautenau industrial area. The Faltis Erben company ran into financial difficulties. After the occupation of the German-speaking city by troops of the German Reich on the basis of the Munich Agreement in 1938, the subsequent occupation by troops of the Soviet Army at the end of the Second World War in 1945 up to the subsequent expropriation and expulsion of the German population of the city of Trautenau by the Czech authorities, the impoverished City. The Johann Faltis Erben company in Trautenau ceased to exist.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Faltis, Johann . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 28th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1874, p. 330 ( digitized version ).
- Large-scale industry in Austria , Vol. 4, pp. 286 and 312 f.
- Illustrated guide through Trautenau and the surrounding area , ed. by Leo Woerl , 4th edition, Leipzig 1913.
- Johann Faltis. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1957, p. 287.
- Gustav Otruba : Faltis, Johann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 22 ( digitized version ). - with further references.
- Home of the Giant Mountains , 19th year, 1965.
- Lillian Schacherl: Böhmen - Kulturbild einer Landschaft , Munich 1966, p. 261 ff.
- Biographical Lexicon for the History of the Bohemian Lands , Vol. I (A - H), ed. by Heribert Sturm on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum , Munich 1979; and Vol. III (N - Sch), ed. by Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg and Helmut Slapnicka, Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 2000.
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.grosspostwitz.de/betrieb3.html
- ^ Karl M. Brousek: Die Grossindustrie Böhmens, 1848-1918 , Munich (Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag) 1987, p. 82, ISBN 3486518712 [1]
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Faltis, Johann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Faltys, Jan |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian entrepreneur, founder of the mechanical flax spinning mill in the Giant Mountains |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 6, 1796 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Nieder Wölsdorf , Bohemia |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 18, 1876 |
| Place of death | Trautenau , Bohemia |