Johann Friedrich Anton Fleischmann

J. Friedr. A. Fleischmann Meininger museums

Joseph or Johann Friedrich Anton Fleischmann (born July 19, 1766 in Marktheidenfeld , † November 30, 1798 in Meiningen ) was a German composer , violinist and pianist.

Life

Friedrich Fleischmann was born as the 10th child of the local schoolmaster Johann Friedrich Michael Fleischmann and his wife Eva Maria in Marktheidenfeld. His father already appeared as a composer and promoted his son's musical inclinations, so that he appeared in public as a piano player at the age of eight and began composing at an early age. The composers and musicians working in the vicinity of Marktheidenfeld, Fathers Franz Xaver Bitthäuser and Peter Dornbusch from the monastery of the Augustinian Canons Triefenstein and Peregrin Pögl from the Benedictine Abbey of Neustadt, were his first teachers alongside his father. At the age of eleven he moved from the local school to the grammar school in Mannheim, where he was taught by Ignaz Holzbauer and Abbé Vogler . From 1782 he studied at the University of Würzburg , where he received his doctorate in 1783. phil. PhD and then went on to study law.

For a short time in 1786/87 he worked as a private secretary and educator for the princely Thurn and Taxis district president of Welden in Regensburg. During this time he was on many trips in southern Germany. In 1787/88 he lived in Hopferstadt near Ochsenfurt, where his brother, pastor Bonifatius (Thurecht) Fleischmann had been pastor since 1786 and where his parents had moved in 1786. Recommended not least because of his musical work, he entered the service of Duke Georg I of Saxony-Meiningen in 1789 as "Cabinets-Secretaire" . At the request of the duke, he changed his first name to Johann. As a civil servant he assumed the Duke's religious affiliation, as was customary at the time. In 1792 he married in Themar Johanna Christiane Louise von Schultes (1771-1856), a daughter from the first marriage of Johann Adolf von Schultes . The Fleischmann couple had four children, three daughters (Fanni, Carolina and Wilhelmine) and one son (Wilhelm Thurecht).

In addition to his work as cabinet secretary, Friedrich Fleischmann worked in the Meiningen court orchestra as a musician and as a composer and music theorist. He died on November 30, 1798 in Meiningen at the age of only 32 years.

Works

Most of his compositions have been published by André Musikverlag in Offenbach. Fleischmann himself gave information about his compositional work on June 29, 1796 in a letter to his publisher:

“What I wrote down until I was 24 years old, everything was recorded by me as unusable and full of errors. Only now did my products begin to be grammatically correct, and only now did I have the courage to appear with them in front of the audience. From this period on I have composed several orchestral symphonies, concerts, sonatas and parthias for wind instruments that are only initially known to the local audience, including some operas by Mozart for wind instruments for eight voices. "

In 1796 he wrote the Singspiel Die Geisterinsel . In research it is now considered very likely that the lullaby “ Sleep, my little prince, fall asleep ”, which was previously attributed to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (KV 350) or the Berlin doctor Bernhard Flies , actually comes from Fleischmann (studies by E . Goretzki):

“According to recent research, Fleischmann was the first to set the famous lullaby, originally attributed to Mozart, to music, 'Sleep, my little prince, sleep in'. The first bar is identical to the Flies version, the further course shows similarities, so that Fleischmann can be seen as the creator of the original version. "

Catalog of works

• Air Variations for Piano in B flat major, 1787
• Salve Regina, 1790
• Opus 1 Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in C major, 1794
• Opus 2 Sonata for piano four hands in G major, 1795
• Opus 3 Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (or Organ) in D minor, 1796
• Opus 4 Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in D major, 1797 (to celebrate peace)
• Opus 5 Symphony in A major (published 1800)
• Opus 6 Symphony in D major (published 1807)
• Opus 7 Overture to "Ghost Island" (published 1807)
• Singspiel "Die Geisterinsel", 1798
• No. 3 Partita for clarinet and bassoon and 2 horns in F major
• No. 4 Quartet for clarinet and bassoon and 2 horns in B flat major
• No. 5 Quartet for clarinet and bassoon and 2 horns in S major
• No. 6 Quartet for clarinet and bassoon and 2 horns
• Parthia - Symphony in B flat major

Songs:

• Some songs, composed by the princess von Neuwied with melodies by Friedrich Fleischmann (Maria, invitation, Emma von Holdberg, Das Vorige, Im Grabe Ruhe, An die Guitarre, Experiences), published 1798.
• Lullaby from FW Gotters "Ester", published 1796 and 1800.

It was only after his death in 1799 that the music-theoretical treatise appeared: How does a piece of music have to be made in order to be called good? - What is required to be a perfect composer . In: Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung . No. 14 and 15, 1799.

Descendants

Friedrich Fleischmann had a son W. Thurecht Fleischmann (1794–1886). His son Alexander Fleischmann (1826-1891) translated the novel Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy "A look back from the year 2000 to the year 1887", Wiegand, Leipzig 1890, which had seven editions within one year. Thurecht Fleischmann married Antoinette Sophie von Schulthes (1798–1883) in 1820, a daughter from the marriage of Johann Adolf von Schultes to Friederike von Imhoff, called "the blonde" (1768–1811). The latter is a cousin of Amalie von Imhoff .

BA Johanna Müller (artist name: Müller-Koburg, 1860–1947), daughter of Alexander Fleischmann, was a writer, painter and translator. She left many landscapes with motifs from the Baltic Sea, Berlin and Coburg and painted a. a. in Ahrenshoop .

swell

• Thurecht Fleischmann: biography. Some details from the life of Cabinet Secretary Friedrich Fleischmann, who died on November 30, 1798, in Meiningen . In: Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung . No. 27, 1799, col. 421.
• Genealogy by Elfriede Goretzki (+), Bielefeld
• Fleischmann Collection in the Marktheidenfeld City Archives Documents on the life and work of Friedrich Fleischmann; Documents from Elfriede Goretzki
• Notes from the small catalog raisonné in the possession of Ernst Gaidzik, Bielefeld

literature

• Ernst Ludwig Gerber, in New Historical-Biographical Lexicon of the Tonkünstler. 2nd volume, 1812-14, col. 144-146.
• Francois Fétis: Bibliography universelle des musiciens et biography générale de la musique. Paris 1874, p. 271.
• Musical Conversation Lexicon, H. Mendel, Berlin 1873 ( online )
• Ersch-Gruber: General encyclopedia of the sciences and arts. Leipzig 1874, 1st volume, pp. 164-165.
• Moriz Fürstenau:  Fleischmann, Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 114.
• Robert Eitner: Biographical-bibliographical source lexicon. 3rd volume. Leipzig 1900, pp. 476-477.
• Oskar Kaul: Fleischmann, Johann Friedrich Anton. In: Music in the past and present. 4th Volume, 1955, Col. 303-304.
• Leonhard Scherg : Contributions to school and music history in Marktheidenfeld. In: Laurenzi-Festausgabe der Mainpost , August 1978.
• Thomas Grön: Investigations into the life and work of JFA Fleischmann . University f. Music, Würzburg 1990.
• E. Goretzki, D. Krickenberg: The lullaby "by Mozart". In: Communications from the International Mozarteum Foundation. Salzburg, July 1988, p. 114 ff.
• Herta Müller: On musical life at the Saxon-Meiningen court between 1775 and 1803 . In: Andrea Jakob: Duke Georg I of Saxony-Meiningen. A precedent for enlightened absolutism . Meininger Museen, Meiningen 2004, ISBN 3-910114-06-7 , pp. 207 ff.
• Thomas Grön:  Fleischmann, Friedrich. In: MGG Online (subscription required).

Web links

• Works by Johann Friedrich Anton Fleischmann in the catalog of the German National Library
• Works by and about Johann Friedrich Anton Fleischmann  in the German Digital Library
• List of works on Klassika - the German-language classical pages