Johann Hermann Carmiencke

Western landscape

Johann Hermann Carmiencke (born February 9, 1810 in Hamburg , † June 15, 1867 in Brooklyn ) was a German landscape painter .

Life

After a painting apprenticeship in Hamburg Carmiencke went with his friend landscape painter Johann Paul Mohr in 1830 to Dresden , where both pupils of Johan Christian Clausen Dahl were. After a short stay in Munich and in the foothills of the Alps, Carminecke returned to Hamburg, where he became a member of the Hamburg Artists' Association in 1834 and caused a sensation with his open-air studies at Dahl. From November 1834 to 1836 he continued his education at the Art Academy in Copenhagen and developed a fondness for forest and coastal landscapes. The landscape painters Louis Gurlitt , Johannes Mohr, Ernst Wolperding , Adolf Carl and Charles Ross , who were of German origin , belonged to his Copenhagen circle of friends . In 1836 Carminecke returned to Dresden and associated with Dahl and Caspar David Friedrich . He visited his brother repeatedly in Liegnitz (Silesia).

In 1836 he met Countess Emilie Schönburg at the Wechselburg , who employed him for a few months as a drawing teacher for her daughters. Carminecke traveled to Saxony and in the following years painted landscapes with views of the Saxon palaces and castles Kriebstein , Rochsburg , Wechselburg and Hohenstein. In October 1837 he returned to Copenhagen to get married. With the support of the Copenhagen Art Association and the Royal Picture Gallery, which gradually acquired five of his paintings, he established himself as a landscape painter in Copenhagen. In 1840 he received citizenship in Copenhagen . In 1838 and 1841 he toured Sweden. An auction of his works at the Copenhagen Art Association in 1842 provided the funds for a study trip to Munich and Tyrol , where he drew and painted castles and palaces in the vicinity of Merano , Bozen and Trento . In 1845 Carmiencke became a Danish citizen. A grant from the Royal Academy enabled him to go on an extensive study trip through Italy in 1845/46. He processed the impressions of his travels not only in paintings, but also in two series of etchings between 1849 and 1851 .

The German-Danish War from 1848 to 1851 spoiled his stay in Copenhagen, he again auctioned a large part of his works at the Copenhagen Art Association and in April 1851 emigrated to America and settled in New York . He found the motifs of his landscape paintings in the American-Canadian border area and on the upper reaches of the Hudson . Stylistically, his works from this period are close to the so-called Hudson River School . After he had established himself as a painter in America, he had his family follow from Copenhagen in 1855 and settled with them in Brooklyn. As a Freemason , Carminecke found access to the wealthiest merchants in New York City.

In 1866 the foundation stone for the "Brooklyn Academy of Art and Design" was laid in his studio.

Works

• The Alster near Poppenbüttel, 1833, Kunsthalle Hamburg
• Rochsburg Castle in Saxony, 1837, Kunsthalle Hamburg
• Area in Upper Lusatia with a view of Bohnen, around 1838, Statens Museum Copenhagen
• The Adige Valley near Bozen with the Haselburg ruins, 1845, Statens Museum Copenhagen
• Poughkeepsie Iron Works, 1856. Yale University Art Gallery , New aven, Connecticut
• The Hudson River at Hyde Park, 1856. Orlando Museum
• Hudson River at Cold Spring, 1861. Smithsonian American Art Museum , Washington

Exhibitions (selection)

• 2019: Hamburg School - The 19th Century Rediscovered (April 12 to July 14), Hamburger Kunsthalle

literature

• Andreas Andresen : The German painter radishers of the 19th century , Vol. IV., Leipzig 1872, p. 46ff.
• Johann Hermann Carminecke: Drawings and Watercolors . Smithsonian Institution, Washington 1973.
• Ulrich Schulte-Wülwer : The landscape painter Johann Hermann Carminecke . In: Nordelbingen - Contributions to the history of art and culture in Schleswig-Holstein , Vol. 79, 2010, pp. 47–76.

Web links

• List of existing works in the Statens Museum Copenhagen

Commons : Johann Hermann Carmiencke  - Collection of images, videos and audio files