Johann Kießling
Karl Johann Kiessling (also Kiessling ) (born February 2, 1839 in Culm , West Prussia , † June 22, 1905 in Marburg / Lahn ) was a German educator , physicist and meteorologist .
Live and act
Johann Kießling was the second son of Pastor Adolph Kießling (senior) (1807–1855) and grandson of the philologist and Zeitz Abbey Director Gottlieb Kiessling . Adolph Kießling was his brother. Both lost their parents at an early age and then lived in Naumburg , where they attended the cathedral grammar school. After graduating from high school, Johann began to study mathematics and natural sciences in Göttingen in 1858 . He became a member of the Hannovera fraternity . He continued his studies in Halle (Saale) and Königsberg . For a short time he was an assistant at the observatory of the University of Königsberg. In his last four semesters in Königsberg, from 1861 to 1863, he heard from Franz Ernst Neumann , one of the founders of theoretical physics, whose students formed the “Königsberg School”. In 1864 he passed the state examination for teaching at secondary schools ( facultas docendi ) in the subjects of mathematics, physics and mineralogy, after having previously been an assistant teacher at the Kneiphöfisches Gymnasium .
He spent his probationary year at the Joachimsthaler Gymnasium in Berlin, where his uncle Gustav Kiessling (1809-1884) was rector. During that time he became a member of the Physical Society in Berlin, from which the German Chemical Society emerged , and worked in Heinrich Gustav Magnus' laboratory . Then he also acquired the teaching qualification for the subjects botany and zoology. In 1867 the Prussian cultural administration transferred him to the grammar school in Flensburg . There he also did his military service. After three years he moved to the service of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg in 1870, where - after he had to go to the Franco-German War in the meantime - he became a senior teacher and, from 1875, a high school professor at Hamburg's oldest grammar school, the learned school of the Johanneum , where his brother was already Adolph taught. He stayed at the school until he retired in 1902 and then moved to Marburg, where he became part of the scientific city society.
Johann Kießling emerged as a pedagogue by writing textbooks for physics lessons in higher schools or by contributing to the publication. In doing so, he was able to fall back on some experiments that he himself had carried out for the first time. In the field of optics and acoustics, he made experiments that yielded interesting findings. As a meteorologist in particular, he carried out investigations and made calculations to research atmospheric-optical phenomena. He researched fog formation and atmospheric disturbances after volcanic eruptions with massive smoke formation, for example the eruption of Krakatau in the Sunda Strait in Indonesia in 1883 and the eruption of Mont Pelée on the island of Martinique in the Caribbean in 1903. Johann Kießling published his articles in all relevant journals, gladly, however, in the meeting reports of the Society for the Promotion of All Natural Sciences in Marburg , of which he was also a member.
Honors
- In 1886, Johann Kießling was the winner of a lavish prize awarded by Hulbert Harrington Warner from Rochester (USA), owner of numerous pharmaceutical factories, for the best scientific description of the cause of the atmospheric twilight phenomena researched at that time from among 36 applicants .
- 1889 awarded him the Faculty of Arts, University of Greifswald , the honorary doctorate .
literature
- Feddersen, Berend Wilhelm and JA von Öttinger: JC Poggendorff's Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch zur Geschichte der exacten Wissenschaft, 3rd volume, Leipzig: Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth 1898, p. 717
- Von Öttinger, Arthur: JC Poggendorff's Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch zur Geschichte der exacten Wissenschaften, 4th volume, Leipzig: Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth 1904, p. 746
- JC Poggendorff's biographical-literary concise dictionary for mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and related fields of knowledge, Volume V: 1904-1922, Berlin: Verlag Chemie GMBH 1926, p. 628
- Forstreuter, Kurt, and Fritz Gause: Old Prussian Biography, Volume 3, Marburg / Lahn: Elwert 1975, p. 976
- Schröder, Wilfried, and Karl-Heinrich Wiederkehr: Johann Kiessling (1839–1905) and the exploration of atmospheric-optical phenomena, Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 1995, issue 4, pp. 268–273
Individual evidence
- ^ Henning Tegtmeyer : Directory of members of the fraternity Hannovera zu Göttingen 1848-1998 . Düsseldorf 1998, p. 33.
- ↑ Kathryn Mary Olesko: Physics As a Calling: Discipline and Practice in the Königsberg Seminar for Physics , Cornell History of Science Series, Ithaca 1991, ISBN 978-0801422485 ; (Internet source)
- ↑ Hulbert Harrington Warner, businessman. Monroe County Library System, accessed October 26, 2018 (picture and biography).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kiessling, Johann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kießling, Karl Johann (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German educator, physicist and meteorologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 2, 1839 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Culm , West Prussia |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 22, 1905 |
| Place of death | Marburg / Lahn |