Johann Weinlob

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Johann Weinlob on the right side of an emergency bill , Treuenbrietzen 1921

Johann Weinlob (also Johann Weinlöben , Johann Weinleb , Johann Weinleben , Johann Weinlaub ; * in Treuenbrietzen , Electorate of Brandenburg ; † February 10, 1558, presumably in Berlin ) was a Brandenburg lawyer and chancellor of Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg , for whom he was the Introduced the Reformation in Brandenburg. He was buried in the Nikolaikirche (Berlin) .

family

Weinlob was married to Margaretha Ohne (n). The marriage resulted in the following children:

  • Johann Weinleben . († 1583). Johann Weinleben studied in Frankfurt / Oder and worked in the Brandenburg chancellery of the Elector from 1565, most recently as a department head. He was married to the daughter of the Brandenburg master chef and mayor in Berlin, Hans Tempelhof the Younger (1505-1557). He is mentioned in the contract mentioned below regarding the transfer of the property in Wahrburg . Both sons (Johann and Joachim) received the fief "Andreä the First" in Stendal from the elector in 1552.
  • Anna Weinleben . She married the electoral Brandenburg chamber judge Lucas Hoffmeister . From this marriage came Catharina Hoffmeister, who married the lawyer and Canon zu Havelberg Lucas Luidtke . In the above Essay by Holtze, Hoffmeister's wife is called "Ursula". But this is probably a confusion of names, because in the above. Funeral sermon the mother is referred to by the name "Anna". Another daughter of the married couple Lucas and Anna Hoffmeister was Margarethe Hoffmeister. She was married to Sebastian Brunnemann, court attorney and mayor of Cölln for more than three decades .
  • Friedrich Weinleben († August 21, 1550). The epitaph for Friedrich Weinleben, son of the chancellor Johann Weinleben (dated 1552, attributed to the Berlin court painter M. Ribestein; rest. 1976. "Christ blesses the children", Italianized, in a simple wooden frame) was created in the year by the council of the then independent city Neustadt Brandenburg in the Schöppenkapelle of the city ​​church St. Katharinen in Brandenburg an der Havel . and is currently only kept temporarily. It shows a Christ blessing the children.
  • Joachim Weinleben . He is also mentioned in the contract mentioned below regarding the transfer of the property in Wahrburg . He was also involved in the awarding of the fiefdom in Stendal to his brother Johann Weinleben. In 1555 the Chapter awarded the fiefdom "Andreä the Other", which had expired after the death of Jacob Belkow, the son of the Chancellor, Joachim Weinleben "in causam studiorum". On April 21, 1561, Joachim Weinleben received after the death of the dean and last Catholic canon of the Havelberg cathedral monastery, Petrus Conradi, whose preamble and was then canon in Havelberg. In the title page of his book "Complet Gesang Simeonis des just", Matthäus Ludecus dedicates the work u. a. Joachim Weinleben. As stated above, the son of Matthäus Ludecus, Lucas Luidke, was related by marriage to Joachim Weinleben.
  • Ursula (?) Weinleben . Anna Weinleben already explained above that Johann had two daughters named "Anna" and "Ursula". One daughter (probably Ursula) was married to the councilor Joachim Zerer, a grandson of Chancellor Dr. Sigismund Zerer (Chancellor from 1483 to 1510).

Chancellor Weinlob's brother-in-law was the Wittenberg silk merchant Georg Reiche, who, together with his wife, was on the return journey from the fair in Frankfurt ad O. in the vehicle on which he also carried his goods at noon on July 23, 1538 the proximity of Jueterbog came. Here they were stopped on the road by four armed men on horseback. The leader was Hans Kohlhase, Mrs. Reiche with the words: “There you have a letter, the mayor of Wittenberg brings it to me”. But he was not ready to pay ransom. Reiche was allowed to make contact with his relatives, including his brother-in-law Johann Weinlob, who at the time was secretary and later State Chancellor of the Brandenburg Elector. He was no longer willing to continue to support Kohlhase, who came from Brandenburg but had returned the letter of safe conduct, in his feud against the Electorate of Saxony. Just a few days later, Brandenburg promised Saxony the long sought-after help in persecution. Kohlhase was informed by Lockspitzel that Elector Joachim was ready to negotiate in Berlin. Kohlhase went to Berlin with his pregnant wife, where they were arrested, sentenced to death and executed. The story of Hans Kohlhase was the model for the amendment of Heinrich von Kleist on Michael Kohlhaas .

The story of Hans Kohlhase was told not only by Kleist, but also by other writers.

Professional activities

Chancellor in Brandenburg and first chairman of the Kurbrandenburg Chamber of Commerce.
from Seidel's picture collection

In 1538, after four years of hesitation, the elector Joachim II, who had just been enthroned, made the decision to turn away from the previous church policy of his father Joachim I under the influence of the electoral council and later chancellor Johann Weinlob and after a visit by Philipp Melanchthon to the electoral court. Even before the official appointment as chancellor, the elector entrusted him with the supervision of the churches in the Mark Brandenburg, alongside the theologian Jacob Stratner after the introduction of the Reformation.

When the elector secretly appropriated dissolved monasteries and Catholic church assets, Weinlob took action against it. He also put a stop to many an unreasonable burden on the peasants.

In 1541, while the participation of the electors at the Reichstag in Regensburg , Johann Weinlob belonged to the "home left councilors", with Hans von Arnim , the Governor of the Uckermark had, as governor at the head "all things on it diligently, to order".

After his appointment as chancellor, Weinlob presided over the chamber court, which was made up of six noble and six learned councilors .

He made sure that the ecclesiastical property was made usable for Lutheran ecclesiastical purposes, in which the various rights and claims had to be taken into account. After negotiations with towns and estate owners, he concluded settlements (visitation recesses) which are still valid with regard to the determination of the Brandenburg churches.

The chamber court, chaired by Weinlob, also accepted lawsuits from Brandenburg freedmen against their landlords, complaining about the determination of rural services. The nobility opposed this threatened liberation of the peasants and managed to have Weinlob's successor, Lampert Distelmeyer , reorganize the Supreme Court into a base for the dying feudal state.

Chancellor's House Berlin-Mitte, Poststrasse 11

Weinleben received the Chancellor's House in Berlin-Mitte, Poststrasse 11, as the chancellery building and apartment, with relief from all burdens. After the death of the grandson Johann Weinleben, it fell to the elector as a castle loan, who lent it to his valet Hermann.

The house was previously occupied by Wolfgang Kettwig (also Kettwich), who died in December 1541. Only in September 1587 did the Chancellor Lamprecht Di (e) stelmeyer move into the house at Poststrasse 11 - the Chancellor's House. From March 1558 to 1588 he held the electoral chancellery. Di (e) stelmeyer headed the most important diplomatic affairs of Elector Joachim II. Hector (1505–1571) of Brandenburg and, from 1571, of his son Johann Georg (1525–1598) of Brandenburg. Di (e) stelmeyer died in Poststrasse in October 1588.

In 1896 the city of Berlin attached the following memorial plaque to the Chancellor's house, which has either been removed or no longer exists.

In memory of the Electoral Chancellor
Joh.Weinleben 1541-1558
Lamp. Distelmeier 1558-1588
who lived and died here.

Acquisition of the village of Wahrburg

Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg (1505–1571) enfeoffed his chancellor Johann Weinleben († 1558) with the right to half of the village of Wahrburg , which the brothers Andreas and Palm Rynow had as a fief. On November 15, 1547 he enfeoffed him with the entitlement to the other half of the village of Wahrburg.

On August 24, 1569, the aforementioned brothers Johann and Joachim Weinleben zu Berlin sold the estate of the village of Wahrburg, which had been given to their father by Elector Joachim - fiefdom of the brothers Andreas and Palm Rynow and Hans Kolck zu Stendal - to Claus Goldbeck , Mayor of Stendal , and his brothers and cousins ​​Andres, Georg, Heinrich and Gregorius, who came from the Werben branch of the Goldbeck family, for 100 guilders.

Epitaph of the Chancellor Johannes Weinleb with the story of Tobias

In the Nikolaikirche (Berlin) an epitaph made of alabaster was erected on the north wall in 1558 to commemorate Weinlob.

It showed scenes in which Tobias and Sara from the book of Tobit from the Old Testament were portrayed. The individual pictures showed: Tobias and Sara are praying; Tobias says goodbye to his parents; Hanna mourns the departure of her son; Tobias catches the fish and pulls it ashore; the healing of Tobit: Tobias puts the bile of the fish on his father's eyes; Tobit buries the dead man during the night; Christ as (heavenly) judge. The epitaph was “on the second pillar of the organ below”. The artist's name is unknown. He was Italian.

Images of the epitaph can be seen in the "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek", in the "Bildindex" and at "Europeana Collections"

Descriptions can be found in many treatises on the Nicolaikirche.

The epitaph is not mentioned in Schubring's book, although there are photographs that were taken later.

The church was temporarily closed in 1939 for the purpose of its "stylish restoration", but initially not evacuated in any way. This only happened under the impression of the approaching bombing war in 1943. In addition to the direct impact of the war, however, most of the losses were also due to the long years in which the Nikolaikirche stood open as a quasi ownerless ruin (upwards). The Weinlöben epitaph is likely to have been one of the works of art that were outsourced as early as 1943. The fate of these outsourced (= movable) pieces of equipment in the war and post-war years is not proven. There is still no trace of many important works. The Stadtmuseum Berlin has countless epitaphs or spolia that have not yet been restored or returned. Weinlöben's is not among them.

Illustration by Lucas Cranach the Elder J.

Lucas Cranach the Younger The Baptism of Christ-Detail-

On the picture of Lucas Cranach the Younger "The Baptism of Christ with the Portraits of the Margrave of Brandenburg-Küstrin, his wife and his friends" is Weinleben (front left, 2nd row behind Martin Luther).

Regarding the picture and the attribution of the persons depicted, reference is made to the explanations by Max Friedländer and Wilhelm Hammer.

literature

Web links

proof

  1. ↑ a b Friedrich Seidel's picture collection (Berlin 1751, p. 48), digitized [1]
  2. ↑ a b c d e F. Holtze, Brief outline of the history of the house Poststrasse 11, communications of the Association for the History of Berlin. Issue 9. 1892 p. 84 ff, digital [2]
  3. ↑ Martin Hass, Die Hofordnung Kurfürst Joachim II. Of Brandenburg, reissued and based on studies on the court and administration under Joachim II, 1910, reprint 1965, pp. 214 and 218 [3]
  4. ↑ a b Certificate of the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt, U 21 V, No. 319 (place of use: Magdeburg), digital content: [4]
  5. ↑ Julius Müller, Adolf Parisius, The Farewells of the First General Church Visitations held in the Altmark from 1540-1542, Volume 1, newly edited by Dr. Uwe Czubatynski, 2011, p. 53 footnote digital [5]
  6. ↑ a b Matthias Bugaeus: funeral sermon for Germanus Luidtke , Stendal 1673 (Stadtarchiv Braunschweig vol 95 no. 25).
  7. ↑ Christian Schmitz, Ratsbürgerschaft und Residenz, studies on Berlin council families, marriage circles and social changes in the 17th century, Diss. 1999, p. 72 partly digital: [6]
  8. ↑ Adolf Stölzel, The development of learned jurisprudence investigates on the basis of the files of the Brandenburg Schöppenstuhl, Volume 1. Berlin, 1901, p. 117 digital [7]
  9. ↑ German Digital Library, digital [8]
  10. ^ R. Bergau, inventory of architectural and art monuments in the province of Brandenburg. Volume 1, Places AI: On behalf of the Brandenburg Provincial Parliament. Berlin 1885. p. 262 ( [9] )
  11. ^ Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel, FH Morin, Codex diplomaticus brandenburgensis, edition 3, Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel, 1843, p. 204, digital [10]
  12. ↑ Matthäus Luidke, Complet Gesang Simeonis des just: Darinne the noble and golden art of death, recently written in four rules, 1571, digital [11]
  13. ↑ Pitaval, Eblox, reading stories online, Hans Kohlhase and the Minckwitz feud, digital [12]
  14. ↑ Willibald Alexis, Criminal Cases of History (Complete Edition), 2012, digital [13]
  15. ↑ Malte Dießelhorst, Hans Kohlhase / Michael Kohlhaas, Kleist-Jahrbuch 1988/89: Internationales Kleist-Kolloquium Berlin 1986, p. 347ff [14]
  16. ↑ digital The text of the novella as a PDF file (452 kB)
  17. ↑ Dietmar Langberg, No evening as always, four pieces by Dietmar Langberg, epubli, June 28, 2013 - 148 pages, Hans Kohlhase - Einrechtschaffener Mordbrenner, pp. 74, ff, 97 ff digital [15]
  18. ↑ Willibald Alexis: Der Neue Pitaval, FA Brockhaus, New Series, Ninth Volume, Editor Dr. A.Vollert, 1874, Gutenberg-De project, chapter 1, digital [16]
  19. ↑ Willibald Alexis: Criminal Cases of History (Complete Edition), Jazzybee Verlag, 2012, keyword "Reiche Kohlhase", partly digital [17]
  20. ↑ Willibald Alexis, Julius Eduard Hitzig: Crime stories of all countries from earlier and more recent times: The new Pitaval, e-artnow, January 24, 2014, partly digital, keyword Reiche Kohlhase, [18]
  21. ↑ Elisabeth Plessen, Kohlhaas: Roman, 2011, excerpt, keyword "Reiche", partly digital [19]
  22. ↑ Julius Müller, A. Parisius, Uwe Czubatynski, The Farewells of the First General Church Visitation held in the Altmark between 1540 - 1542: Taking into account the visitations held in 1551, 1579 and 1600, Volume 1, 2012, partly digital [20]
  23. ↑ Julius Müller, A. Parisius, The Farewells of the First General Church Visitation held in the Altmark between 1540 and 1542, Volume 2, 2012, partly digital [21]
  24. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Holtze: History of the Chamber Court in Brandenburg-Prussen. Berlin, F. Vahlen, 1890-1904 Vol. 4 pp. 19-20.
  25. ↑ CHJonas, Berlin: historically and topographically depicted, 1843, p. 60, digital [22]
  26. ↑ Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein eV, memorial plaques in Berlin, 2009, digital [23]
  27. ↑ Memorial plaques in Berlin, digital [24]
  28. ↑ Certificate from the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt, U 21 V, No. 318 (place of use: Magdeburg), digital content: [25]
  29. ↑ Certificate from the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt, U 21 V, No. 319 (place of use: Magdeburg), digital content: [26]
  30. ↑ Georg Gottfried Küster , Icones et elogia virorum aliquot praestantium qui multum studiis suis consiliisque marchiam olim nostram iuverunt ac illustrarunt, Section XXIV (48) digitally with text of the grave inscription.
  31. ↑ German Digital Library [27]
  32. ^ Image index, digital [28] with photos from the Berlin State Monuments Office from 1939
  33. ↑ Europeana Collections, digital [29]
  34. ^ Richard Borrmann, Paul Clauswitz : Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler von Berlin , 1893 p. 231ff, digital [30] On p. 231 the epitaph is shown.
  35. ↑ Aleksandra Lipińska, Moving Sculptures: Southern Netherlandish alabasters from the 16th to 17th centuries in Central and Northern Europe ( excerpt from there, footnotes 62 ff are printed on p. 362, which deal with the epitaph. Footnote 67 also includes The inscriptions on the epitaph are reproduced, which can hardly be deciphered on the photographs. Unfortunately, p. 361 is not part of the book preview. However, it is to be assumed that the epitaph is described in more detail or is shown on this page).
  36. ↑ Büsching, Johann Gustav Gottlieb, journey through some mines and churches in northern Germany in the late year 1817, p. 424 f [31]
  37. ^ Friedrich Nicolai, Description of the royal residence cities Berlin and Potsdam, Volume 2, 1786, p. 855, digital [32]
  38. ^ Schubring, Paul, The Church of St. Nikolai in Berlin, 1937
  39. ^ Written communication from Mr Albrecht Henkys, curator of the Nikolaikirche in Berlin, from March 7, 2016
  40. ↑ Seidel, Paul, Bode, Wilhelm and Friedländer, Max J. [Hrsg.], Paintings by old masters in the possession of His Majesty the German Emperor and King of Prussia - Berlin, Leipzig, Vienna, Stuttgart, 1906, p. 61 digital
  41. ^ Wilhelm Hammer, Sources and Research on the History of the Reformation, Volume 3; Volume 49, No. A 3042 B p. 536 digital


predecessor Office successor
Georg von Breitenbach Chancellor of Brandenburg
1541–1558 		Lampert Distelmeyer
personal data
SURNAME Weinlob, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Weinloben, Johannes; Weinleb, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chancellor of Elector Johann Georg von Brandenburg
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century or 16th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Treuenbrietzen
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1558
Place of death unsure: Berlin