Johann von Glauburg

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Johann von Glauburg, 1545
(oil painting on wood by Conrad Faber von Creuznach )
Anne von Glauburg, née Knoblauch, 1545
(oil painting on wood by Conrad Faber von Creuznach)

Johann von Glauburg (born June 9, 1503 in Frankfurt am Main ; † October 22, 1571 ibid) was a Frankfurt councilor , diplomat and promoter of the Reformation . He held the office of junior and senior mayor several times and is considered the most important representative of the Glauburg patrician family .

life and work

Glauburg was a son of the Frankfurt lay judge and lawyer Dr. Johann von Glauburg zu Lichtenstein and his wife Margarethe born. Hörngin from Ernstkirchen. When his father died, Hamman von Holzhausen took over the guardianship of Johann and sent him together with his son Justinian von Holzhausen to study with Martin Luther in Wittenberg . Johann and Justinian remained close friends all their lives.

In 1526, Glauburg returned to Frankfurt and married Anne Knoblauch (1503–1567). In 1527 he was admitted to the council, and in 1532 as a lay judge.

Glauburg was elected senior mayor five times : 1537, 1542, 1547, 1552 and 1563. Together with Justinian von Holzhausen, he is one of the most important Frankfurt politicians of the 16th century. In 1536 he negotiated the city's accession to the Schmalkaldic Confederation and represented Frankfurt at several imperial and city days, including in Regensburg in 1541. There he obtained the imperial privilege to redeem the perpetual interest , which had seriously hampered Frankfurt's economic development. In 1542 he brought about the secularization of the White Women's Monastery .

Especially during his tenure in 1547 and 1552, he demonstrated his diplomatic skills. In the Schmalkaldic War of 1546/1547 the city submitted to the imperial troops after negotiations that Glauburg and Holzhausen had conducted. After the Augsburg interim , she returned the churches that had become Protestant since 1530, including St. Bartholomew's Cathedral as the site of the emperor's election, to the Catholic Church. In return for this proof of loyalty, Emperor Charles V confirmed the city's privileges, which formed the basis for the city's prosperity and political significance, and left the citizens' Lutheran creed untouched.

Due to its loyalty to the emperor, the Lutheran city was besieged for three weeks by Protestant troops led by Moritz von Sachsens during the prince uprising in July 1552 and successfully defended by troops of the Catholic emperor led by Colonel Konrad von Hanstein . Glauburg was mayor of the city during this time.

The siege ended with the conclusion of the Passau Treaty . It was the greatest military and diplomatic achievement in Frankfurt's history. The city had successfully defended its Lutheran creed and at the same time its privileges as a trade fair venue and as the place of election and coronation of the Roman emperors . From 1562 onwards, almost all emperors in Frankfurt were not only elected, as was customary before, but also ceremoniously crowned.

From 1554 onwards, numerous Dutch and English people persecuted for their Reformed creed settled in Frankfurt. Tensions arose with the Orthodox Lutheran clergy under Hartmann Beyer's leadership , in which Glauburg campaigned for a balance between the denominations . As a student of Luther and Johannes Calvin's pen pal , Glauburg sought a reconciliation of the two evangelical denominations. Although he was unsuccessful, the refugees found in him an advocate who mediated in the economic conflict of interests between the successful immigrants and the long-established merchants and guilds .

See also

literature


personal data
SURNAME Glauburg, Johann von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Frankfurt patrician, councilor and mayor
DATE OF BIRTH June 9, 1503
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main , Germany
DATE OF DEATH October 22, 1571
Place of death Frankfurt am Main , Germany