Johann von Herring

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Johann Paulus Herring , from 1815 Knight von Herring (born February 14, 1758 in Tennenlohe , Brandenburg-Ansbach , † January 15, 1836 in Brno , Moravia ) was an Austrian industrialist and privately owned wholesaler, banker and publisher .

Life

Herring was the son of the Tennenloh farmer, Melber and innkeeper Georg Paulus Hering (1720–1769) and his wife Katharina, née Hörauf (1724–1771). He lost his parents at an early age and then grew up in the family of the teacher in Tennenloh. After finishing school, he received commercial training at the Mayer and Son trading house in Nuremberg . Herring then joined Georg Wollrab, who, like other Nuremberg merchants, maintained good trading relationships with the important markets in Brno and Nikolsburg . In 1777 Herring traveled to Brno for the first time on behalf of Wollrab.

After Emperor Joseph II banned the free trade in colonial goods a little later , the Nuremberg merchants stayed away from the markets in the kk states; some set up their own businesses there instead. Georg Wollrab founded a wholesaler in Brno that was run by Herring. Due to the careful purchase of government papers carried out in the years 1789-1791 on account of the government, Herring was granted the privilege of setting up his own wholesaler in 1791 and retired from Wollrab's service. In 1793 he received a 15-year concession for a lending bank and for this purpose joined forces with two other merchants, until then the pawnbroking and lending bank business in Brno had been carried out by Jews since 1751; connected with this was the publication of the Brno newspaper and the intelligence papers .

Herring also acted as a privileged wholesaler for textile dyes. In 1793, together with the head of Wilhelm Mundy's dye works , Jacob Friedrich Schöll, he leased Johann Christian Gloxin's widow, the whitework that had been founded three years earlier on the Kröna near Brno. Together with his partner Enzmann, Herring founded a cloth factory in Krzizanau in 1794 . In 1796, together with Hugo Franz Altgraf zu Salm-Reifferscheidt , the pharmacist Vincenz Bethke and the fine cloth manufacturers Hopf and Bräunlich, he founded the association for the establishment of an English-style wool machine spinning mill . Hugo Altgraf zu Salm and Bethke traveled to England as industrial spies for this purpose and, in addition to drawings and parts of a clayeye, also brought three English foremen to Brno. The factory built on the Kröna was the first wool spinning mill in Austria. However, the performance of the English-style spinning machines was not satisfactory, so that the spinning mill only existed for a few years and a factory for English leather was established in its place.

In 1802 Herring took over the troubled Rossitz coal works to supply his factories with fuel and led it to a new prosperity until 1814.

During the Napoleonic Wars, Herring was authorized by the government in 1805 to purchase all materials for the imperial and royal estates in order to protect them from the French. When they ordered the sale of all shepherds, wool and grain supplies to the imperial and royal families in 1809, Herring identified himself as their owner and made the advertised contributions. In doing so, he was not intimidated by arrest and threats of being shot. In 1810 Herring was honored with the Leopold Order for his services .

Herring ceded the Brno lending bank privilege and newspaper office to the Moravian estates in 1811. On August 3, 1815, Johann Herring was raised to the hereditary-Austrian knighthood. In 1816 Herring became an associate member of the kk Moravian-Silesian Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, Nature and Regional Studies. In 1824 he bought the Habrowan estate at auction .

Herring not only made great contributions to stimulating industry and trade in Brno. He donated a cabinet richly equipped with physical machines and apparatus to the kk Moravian-Silesian agricultural society, which later became one of the main attractions of the Franzensmuseum in Brno, founded in 1818.

He also worked as the first head of the Evangelical Church AB in Brno; He granted the church and school an annual grant of over 1500 guilders.

Herring had been married to the widow Franziska Müller, née Unger, since October 4, 1795. Since he had no offspring, he adopted his nephew Ernst Johann and his niece Franzisca. Johann Ritter von Herring died on January 15, 1836. On March 10, 1836 the adoption was carried out without transferring the knighthood.

coat of arms

The coat of arms, awarded in 1815, shows a shield divided in silver, red and blue, half lengthwise and crosswise. In the upper silver field there is a peg-like herring turned inwards, in the upper left red field there is a silver anchor with a crossbar in an upright position. In the lower blue half of the shield, a ram strides on a green ground that spreads out at the foot. On the shield are two crowned tournament helmets facing each other. The ram of the lower half of the shield rises from the crown of the right, from the one on the left two red buffalo horns protrude with their mouth holes turned outwards, between which there is an anchor similar to the one in the upper red field. The helmet covers are silver and blue on the right, silver and red on the left.

His adoptive son, who was raised to the knightly rank of Herring-Frankensdorf as a knight in 1850, bore the same coat of arms.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Herring, Johann von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Herring, Johann Paulus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian industrialist and wholesaler
DATE OF BIRTH February 14, 1758
PLACE OF BIRTH Tennenlohe , Brandenburg-Ansbach , Holy Roman Empire
DATE OF DEATH January 15, 1836
Place of death Brno , Moravia , Austrian Empire