Křižanov
| Křižanov | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Kraj Vysočina | ||||
| District : | Žďár nad Sázavou | ||||
| Area : | 1364 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 23 ' N , 16 ° 6' E | ||||
| Height: | 527 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,855 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 594 51 | ||||
| License plate : | J | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Velká Bíteš - Žďár nad Sázavou | ||||
| Railway connection: |
Brno-Havlíčkův Brod Studenec – Křižanov |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | Městys | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Marie Smejkalová (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Benešovo náměstí 12 594 51 Křižanov |
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| Municipality number: | 595926 | ||||
| Website : | www.krizanov.cz | ||||
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Křižanov (German Krizanau , Krzizanau , Krischanau or Krisans ) is a Městys in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers northeast of Velké Meziříčí and belongs to the Okres Žďár nad Sázavou .
geography
Křižanov is located in the Křižanovská vrchovina ( Krischanauer Uplands ) belonging to the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands . The town is located on the Libochovka and is surrounded by numerous ponds. The Spalený Kopec (595 m) rises to the north. The state road 37 from Velká Bíteš to Žďár nad Sázavou runs through the village . The Křižanov train station is located in Kozlov.
Neighboring towns are Jakubovský Dvůr in the north, Kundratice and Bojanov in the northeast, Heřmanov in the east, Kadolec in the southeast, Ořechov , Ronov and Březejc in the south, Sviny in the southwest, Kozlov and Dobrá Voda in the west and Jívoví in the northwest.
history
According to legends, Křižanov is said to have been built during the time of the Samo Empire after the Meziříčí Castle was founded in 687 .
The first written mention of the Křižanov Castle, which belonged to the knight Přibyslav von Křižanov († 1251), took place in 1239 . The parish church of St. Mary is also documented for this period, the remains of which can be dated to 1230. After Přibyslav's death, his widow Sybille married Heinrich von Zittau († 1253). The rule was inherited by his daughter Euphemia, who was married to Boček von Jaroslavice and Zbraslav († 1255). Other daughters of Přibyslav were St. Zdislava , who was married to Gallus von Lämberg ( Havel z Lemberka , † 1253), and Eliška, who had married Heinrich von Zittau's son Smil von Lichtenburg . The Libochovka divided the town into the upper and lower town, the former lying to the left of the brook.
Between 1279 and 1434 the lower town belonged to the Křižanovský of Lomnitz , whose coats of arms Křižanov and Velké Meziříčí are today the city arms. In 1287 Anna von Obřany gave her part, which consisted of the upper town and the village of Gutwasser , to the Saar monastery . At that time Chrysan was mentioned as a town. Ten years later it was called the Cryzans . The settlement of Germans took place through the monastery. Around 1400 Cryzans consisted of 130 houses and had about 800 German and Czech residents. Among the most important families of Krisans in the 15th century were the Schwach von Teltsch , who also owned half the village of Sklené . The castle suffered severe damage in the Hussite Wars . In 1466 it was completely destroyed during the Bohemian-Hungarian War and, as the property of the Lords of Pernstein , who had also bought the upper town from the Saar Cistercian monastery in 1486, lay desolate for almost a hundred years. The church was also burned out in the fighting of 1466.
In 1562, Zdenko Lhotský von Ptení bought the ruins of Vratislav von Pernstein's castle and had it converted into a Renaissance chateau. Around 1600 the town consisted of 142 houses. Jiří Volf Křínecký von Ronov , who had acquired the town at the beginning of the 17th century, complied with a request from the mayor and released the citizens from compulsory labor at the castle. After the turmoil of the Thirty Years War, only 48 houses were managed in Krisans. In 1610 Wilhelm Munk von Eibenschütz bought the goods. He lost her again after the battle on White Mountain . Other owners were Georg Sieghard, Diviš Vlkovský von Oubertovice , Karl Boháček von Adlerskron, from 1675 Eleonora Countess von Oppersdorff and then the Counts of Kaunitz . On June 4, 1687 Dominik Andreas von Kaunitz bought the Neu Orzechau estate and joined it to Krizanau.
In 1710 Johann Wenzel Ritter von Schwalbenfeld acquired the Krizanau estate for 180,000 guilders. His sons sold the property to the Cistercian monastery in Saar in 1726 . In the course of the Josephine reforms , the monastery was dissolved and the rule was sold to Karl Endsmann von Ronow for 234,465 guilders in 1784.
After the abolition of the manors , Křížánov / Krzizanau formed a minor town in the Velké Meziříčí district from 1850 with the districts Bojanov, Horní Libochová , Kadolec , Jívoví , Ořechov, Ronov and Sviny .
The industrial family Joseph, Wilhelm and Moritz Teuber bought the castle in 1865. Horní Libochová, Kadolec and Ořechov with Ronov became independent in 1867, Jívoví in 1874 and Sviny in 1884. Křížánov consisted of 246 houses in 1900 and had 1481 inhabitants. With the exception of 14 Jews and 11 Protestants, these were all Roman Catholics. 1455 of the residents were Czechs and 21 Germans. In 1931 the Městys had 1,358 inhabitants. After the Second World War, Křížánov sank to a village.
At the beginning of 1961 the Okres Velké Meziříčí was dissolved and the municipality was assigned to the Okres Žďár nad Sázavou . At the same time, Bojanov was reassembled to Dolní Libochová . In 1975 Kadolec, 1976 Jívoví and Sviny and 1980 Dobrá Voda were incorporated. All four locations became independent again in 1990. Since 1992 Bojanov is again a district of Křížánov. On October 10, 2006 the status as Městys was renewed.
Local division
The Městys Křižanov consists of the districts Bojanov ( Bojanau ) and Křižanov ( Krisans ), which also form cadastral districts.
Attractions
- Křižanov Castle, built from 1560 on in place of the destroyed castle as a Renaissance castle for Zdenko Lhotský von Ptení. In 1710 the palace was redesigned in baroque style. It received its current form in neo-renaissance style from 1865 by the nobles von Teuber, who laid out the palace gardens between 1867 and 1880. They were expelled in 1945 and the castle was awarded to the local national committee in 1949. He had apartments set up in it. Other parts were used as offices of the building administration and railway construction. From 1950 a primary school and kindergarten were housed there. After the school moved into a new building, its premises were used as a warehouse for textiles. In 1960 the castle was converted into a facility for young people with health problems.
- Church of St. Wenceslas, the baroque building was created in 1678 through the reconstruction of St. Mary's Church, which was Gothic between 1230 and 1240
- Town hall, built in the 16th century
- Chapel of St. John of Nepomuk, in the upper town, built in 1848 at the expense of Jan Moravec of Strakonice
- Castle Chapel of St. Barbara, they were redesigned in baroque style between 1720 and 1727 according to plans by Johann Blasius Santini-Aichl . In 1860 a romanticizing renovation took place.
- Baroque Marian column on the Obermarkt, created in 1730 by Franz Alexander Jelínek
- Marterl
Sons and daughters of the church
- St. Zdislava von Lämberg († 1252), Bohemian patron saint of the poor and sick
- Václav Křižanovský (around 1428–1467), Catholic theologian and professor at the Charles University in Prague