Štěpánov nad Svratkou

Štěpánov nad Svratkou
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Kraj Vysočina
District :	Žďár nad Sázavou
Area :	1087 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 30 '  N , 16 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 30 '16 "  N , 16 ° 20' 39"  E
Height:	346  m nm
Residents :	709 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	592 63 - 593 01
License plate :	J
traffic
Street:	Kunštát - Bystřice nad Pernštejnem Nedvědice - Vír
structure
Status:	Městys
Districts:	2
administration
Mayor :	Šárka Kunčíková (status: 2018)
Address:	Štěpánov nad Svratkou 23 592 63 Štěpánov nad Svratkou
Municipality number:	596884
Website :	www.stepanovnadsvratkou.cz

Church of St. Peter and Paul

Štěpánov nad Svratkou , until 1952 Štěpánov (German Stiepanau , also Stepanau ) is a minority in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers southeast of Bystřice nad Pernštejnem and belongs to the Okres Žďár nad Sázavou .

geography

Štěpánov nad Svratkou is located on the right bank of the Svratka above the confluence of the Hodonínka in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands . The village lies in the deeply cut Svratka valley in the mountains of the Nedvědická vrchovina and belongs to the nature park Svratecká hornatina. To the north rises the Jahodná (586 m), in the east the Sokolí hora ( Zumberg , 625 m), southeast the Čepičkův vrch (654 m), in the southwest the Ochoza (566 m) and in the west the Kozlovská horka (576 m). In Štěpánov nad Svratkou the state road 19 from Kunštát to Bystřice nad Pernštejnem crosses the Svratka valley.

Neighboring towns are Pivonice , Kobylnice , Borovec and Švařec in the north, Brťoví and Čtyří Dvory in the northeast, Beranka and Hodonín in the east, Černovice and Horní Čepí in the southeast, Olešnička and Ujčov in the south, Vrtěžíř and Kozlov in the west and Lesoestenňovice in the north.

history

Štěpánov was probably founded in the first half of the 13th century by Štěpán from Medlov. Stiepanow was first mentioned on February 15, 1285 in a document issued by the Olomouc bishop Theoderich von Neuhaus for the Doubravník monastery , which is also signed by the Stiepanow pastor Heřman. The place has been a center of silver and copper construction since its existence. Smelters and hammers worked on the Svratka in Borovec and Olešnička. In 1358, Borovec was owned by the abbess of Doubravník Monastery, Klara von Pernstein . The mill in Olešnička has been documented since 1384; it was owned by the Gedeon von Olešnička Vladiken family .

On the hill Hradisko opposite the confluence of the Hodonínka there was a castle. At the end of the 15th century it was described as desolate. In 1348 Czepanaw belonged to the Zubštejn rule and from 1360 Szcepanow belonged to the Pyšolec castle rule . Since the 15th century Štěpánov was attached to the Pernstein dominion , with the place including the villages Olešnička, Vrtěžíř, Kozlov, Lesoňovice, Koroužné and Švařec being designated as a special part. In the 15th century there were silver mines near Horní Čepí and on Zumberg near Švařec. Through the silver mining, Štěpánov became the industrial center of the Pernstein manor and was the seat of a mountain court and a miners' association.

In 1544, the Štěpánov judge exercised his office over the towns of Borovec, Čtyři Dvory, Vrtěžíř, Lesoňovice, Koroužné, Švařec and Nivsko . In the Pernstein ward register of 1551 Štěpánov is listed for the first time as a town. Probably the elevation to the minor town took place in the period between 1561 and 1584. In 1572 the hammer mill Borovec was first documented in the course of its sale. There is evidence that the mining of iron ore began in 1588, although this probably happened long before that. In 1598 the compulsory service to the rulers was converted into payment obligations. The Olešnička hammer mill was first mentioned in 1638. In 1657 Maximilian von Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn tried to revive the silver mines that had been abandoned during the Thirty Years War. In 1716 Johann Franz Lauer took over the administration of all mines in Jihlava and Štěpánov. He took up the copper tunnel again and initially operated it successfully. After Lauer's bankruptcy, the citizens of Kraslitz took over his mines in 1728 , but the proceeds from the molten copper did not cover the mining costs. A mining company founded in 1763 carried out investigations into the old tunnels. After the silver burst, mining was resumed under the direction of the Imperial and Royal Mining and Coin Council Ludwig Roddersthal. As a result of the Seven Years' War , work in the copper gallery and in the Maria-Theresia-gallery had to be stopped from 1764 to 1766. After the resumption, disputes arose between two unions, which culminated in 1769 and led to the cessation of mining the following year. Subsequently, the pits were drained and in 1773 the Stiepanau mining was decommissioned. In 1774 , the owner of the Pernstein estate, Franz Stockhammer, assumed the silver mines at Zumberg and Horní Čepí. The exploration work in Horní Čepí was too time-consuming, so that the indebted Stockhammer concentrated the work on the Zumberg, where he hoped for an early harvest . This success did not occur, which is why mining on Zumberg was stopped again in 1784. In 1790 another attempt was made to reopen the pits at Zumberg and in 1801 the old mine in Borovec was reopened. In 1810, Count Salm made unsuccessful attempts to extract copper using a new method by precipitation from the cement water emerging from the tunnels.

The first blast furnace can be found in Olešnička from 1640 to 1692 and from 1720 to 1760. The smelter was one of the most important ironworks in Moravia. A second blast furnace was put into operation in 1761, and a third was added in 1862.

In 1814, the first functioning steam engine of the kk monarchy was built in Stiepanow . In 1834 the town had 278 inhabitants and consisted of 34 houses. Borovec had 100 residents who lived in 12 houses. 220 people lived in the 26 houses of Olešnička. In 1840 the town of Stiepanow acquired the right to hold four annual and cattle markets for 270 guilders. An iron foundry was established in 1842.

After the abolition of patrimonial Štěpánov / Stiepanau formed a market town in the Neustadtl district with the Borovec district from 1850 . A post office was set up in the Olešnička ironworks in 1866 and moved to Stiepanau in 1902. In 1876 the last blast furnace was shut down. In 1889 Štěpánov had 559 inhabitants, in Borovec there were 132 and in Olešnička 246. In the years 1916 to 1919 an attempt was made to resume copper mining in Stiepanau. In the 1920s, flood protection work was carried out on the Svratka river. In 1936 the first sauna in Czechoslovakia was built in the summer camp for high school students Hamře . During the German occupation, several partisan units operated in the forests around Štěpánov from 1939.

In 1947 the Městys was assigned to the Okres Bystřice nad Pernštejnem. In the following year, Štěpánov fell to the municipality. On April 23, 1950, the incorporation of Olešnička took place. The municipality name was given the official addition nad Svratkou in 1952 . In 1952 the blast furnace was demolished. 1961 Vrtěžíř was incorporated and the community came to the Okres Žďár nad Sázavou .

After the Second World War, the deposit was examined several times and in 1977 Oskar Pluskal from Charles University in Prague estimated the stocks at Štěpánov at 15-25 million tons of lead, silver and zinc ores.

In 1993 the hobby researcher Jaroslav Sadílek from Olešnice discovered the remains of a medieval settlement of miners from the period after 1250 two kilometers northeast of Štěpánov near Havírna.

On July 15 and 16, 2002, Štěpánov nad Svratkou belonged to Olešnice , Hodonín and Crhov as one of the most damaged places in the country by the July floods. The Hodonínka swelled to a raging river, flooded the place and destroyed roads and bridges. Since May 20, 2014 Štěpánov nad Svratkou has the status of Městys.

The foundry operates today as Železárny Štěpánov, spol. s ro and mainly produces cast aluminum, 40% of which is exported to Austria and Germany.

Community structure

The municipality Štěpánov nad Svratkou consists of the districts Štěpánov nad Svratkou ( Stiepanau ) and Vrtěžíř ( Wertischier ). Basic settlement units are Borovec ( Porowetz , also Borowetz ), Olešnička ( Oleschnitschka ), Štěpánov nad Svratkou and Vrtěžíř.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts Borovec, Olešnička, Štěpánov nad Svratkou and Vrtěžíř.

Attractions

• Church of St. Peter and Paul, built in the 2nd half of the 13th century, after the fire of 1917 it was consecrated again in 1924
• Statue of St. John of Nepomuk, created 1896
• five marble boundary stones between the manors Kunstadt and Pernstein from 1678 on Páleniny, east of the village. They were at the estate, on the sale of forest Pernsteiner Prosetín set
• Zubštejn castle ruins , north of the village
• Nature reserve "U Hamrů" near Borovec

Honorary citizen

• 2002: Josip Kleczek (1923–2014), Czech astrophysicist

Web links

• Brief portrait on the Bystřicko microregion website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/596884/Stepanov-nad-Svratkou
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ L. Hošák, R. Šrámek, Místní jména na Moravě a ve Slezsku I, Academia, Praha 1970, II, Academia, Praha 1980th
4. ↑ Předseda Sněmovny udělil obecní symboly 59 obcím.
5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/596884/Obec-Stepanov-nad-Svratkou
6. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/596884/Obec-Stepanov-nad-Svratkou