Rosice u Brna
| Rosice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Brno-venkov | ||||
| Area : | 1274 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 11 ' N , 16 ° 24' E | ||||
| Height: | 326 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 6,237 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 665 01 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Brno - Třebíč | ||||
| Railway connection: | Střelice – Okříšky | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Andrea Trojanová (Status: 2019) | ||||
| Address: | Palackého nám. 13 665 01 Rosice |
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| Municipality number: | 583782 | ||||
| Website : | www.rosice.cz | ||||
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Rosice (German Rossitz ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 16 kilometers west of the city center of Brno and belongs to the Okres Brno-venkov .
geography
Rosice is located in the Boskowitz furrow between the Jaispitzer hill country ( Jevišovická pahorkatina ) and the Bobrawa mountain country (Bobravská vrchovina) at the confluence of the Říčanský potok in the Bobrava. State road 23 runs through Rosice and branches off the D 1 motorway northeast at exit 182 Kývalka . On the other side of the motorway is the Brno Automotodrom .
Neighboring towns are Říčany and Ostrovačice in the north, Kývalka in the north-east, Popůvky and Omice in the east, Tetčice in the south-east, Kratochvilka in the south, Zbýšov and Babice in the south-west, Zastávka in the west and Okrouhlík in the north-west.
history
The first written mention of the place took place in 1259, when Bohuš and Hartman von Rosice were named as the owners of the castle. Before 1321 the castle became the seat of the Hecht von Rossitz family. After Peter Hecht von Rossitz was appointed supreme bailiff of Frain , he sold most of the rule to his younger brothers. Jobst Hecht was like the last of the family, Wenzel Hecht, the highest governor on Eichhorn . The city arms are reminiscent of the pike from Rossitz. The Hecht von Rossitz elevated the place to a submissive town in the first half of the 15th century.
The next owner of the estate was Duke Přemek von Teschen , who sold Rosice to Hynko von Kukwitz in 1464. Under the Lords of Kukwitz, the heavy damage to the castle from the Hussite Wars was repaired. The next owner became Bohunka von Pernstein , the wife of the Moravian governor Dobeš von Boskowitz and Černohora . After their death in 1540 the lords of Lipá inherited the rule. It is believed that the castle was converted into a chateau during the time of Pertold von Lipá. Pertold sold in 1552 the rule Rossitz with the associated villages Pendorf, Tetčice , Babice , Zakřany , Lukovany , Příbram , Újezd , Zhoř , Chroustov, Litostrov , Říčky , Omice , Ochoz , Raclavice, Ostrov, Lhotka, Bukovany, Komínec and interests of Zbraslav , Jakubov and Popůvky to John the Elder from Žerotín on Náměšť nad Oslavou . This took the Rosice Castle to his next seat. After John's death on February 28, 1583, his son Karl the Elder of Zerotein inherited Náměšť nad Oslavou and Rosice. In 1588, after reaching the age of majority, Karl took over the rule and married Barbara Kraiger von Kraigk († 1591). Charles the Elder of Zerotein made the Rosice chateau his seat and granted protection to the Bohemian brothers in the town.
After the Battle of White Mountain , Ondřej Číhal Krhovský was appointed as administrator of the Rosice domain. After the onset of the Counter-Reformation , Karl the Elder von Zerotein sold Rosice to Albrecht von Waldstein in 1628 and went into exile in Breslau . Waldstein sold the property to Johann Baptist von Werdenberg in 1629, who leased it to Johann Christoph Scharrer von Frieseneck. In 1684 the Werdenbergers sold the rule to Georg Rupert Hausperg von Fanal. He had the Chapel of the Holy Trinity built. In 1752 the high judiciary was abolished. In the second half of the 18th century, the coal deposits were discovered in the Rossitz-Oslawan Basin. In 1769 the first coal was found at the Zastawka excursion establishment west of Rossitz, where the Segen Gottes miners' settlement was later built . In 1802 Johann Herring took over the troubled Rossitz hard coal works and within twelve years led it to new prosperity.
After the death of Johann Nepomuk Hausperg, the von Hausperg family died out in 1791. The inheritance fell to his wife Maria Anna, née Countess Ugarte . In 1844 Josef von Ugarte sold the rule to the barons of Sina , who had the castle redesigned. After the abolition of patrimonial Rosice became a market town in 1848. On the initiative of Ernst Johann Ritter Herring and the mining entrepreneur Anton Rahn from Zbeschau, the private Brno-Rossitz railway company was founded, which began in 1852 with the construction of the Brno - Strelitz - Rossitz - Blessing of God railway line . In 1855 the railway line was completed; on January 2, 1856, the first coal train of God's blessing drove via Brno to Vienna and on July 1, 1856 passenger traffic began. Between 1859 and 1862 Johann Ernst von Herring had the Rossitz ironworks built in God's blessing. Further coal mines were built in the vicinity of the town, which was given the character of a mining town and in whose catchment area 30,000 people lived. In Rossitz itself, including the district of Pendorf, lived 3,000 inhabitants in 1880.
In 1881 Moritz von Hirsch-Gerreuth bought Rosice Castle and the associated goods. The property passed from his widow Klara to her adoptive son Moritz Arnold Deforest-Bischoffsheim, who changed his name to De Forest in 1903. On September 20, 1907, Emperor Franz Joseph I raised Rossitz to the city and gave it a coat of arms. In 1908 Winston Churchill stayed at the castle during his honeymoon as a guest of Baron De Forest, in 1911 Churchill returned to Rossitz as a hunting guest. After the land reform in the 1920s, the large estates were nationalized. In 1949 Rosice was elevated to a district town. In 1950 there were 4600 people in the city. During the territorial reform of 1960, the Okres Rosice was dissolved again
religion
In 1527, the Gabriel Anabaptists , who came mainly from Silesia , settled in the village and founded a Bruderhof here in 1529 , which lasted until the Gabrielers were expelled in 1535. After the end of the Anabaptist persecution in 1536/1537, Hutterites finally settled in Rosice. The now Hutterite Bruderhof was able to hold out until the Protestant Hutterites were expelled again in 1622.
Town twinning
Community structure
No districts are shown for the city of Rosice. Rosice includes u. a. the local situation Pendrov ( Pendorf ).
Attractions
- Rosice Castle, built between the 16th and 17th centuries from a Gothic castle
- Pilgrimage chapel of the Holy Trinity, with the Way of the Cross on a hill on the southern outskirts, built in 1691
- Burial chapel of the Rahn family of mining entrepreneurs in the cemetery, built by Heinrich Nankl in 1894
- Parish church of St. Martin, the former Romanesque building has been redesigned several times
- Former pillory from the 15th century, the pillory of shame, which was removed in 1752, was restored in 1959 and re-erected at the town hall
- Town hall, donated by the Rahn family in 1851 as an inn and residential building and provided with a tower in 1858
- Stone bridge over the Bobrava, the ten meter high and three meter wide structure served as an aqueduct for the water supply of Rosice
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
Web links
- Website of the municipality of Rosice CZ, partly also EN and DE
- Cultural Information Center of the City of CZ
- Rossitz Castle CZ
- Preview of the current cadastral maps ČÚZK