Židlochovice
| Židlochovice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Brno-venkov | ||||
| Area : | 593 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 2 ' N , 16 ° 37' E | ||||
| Height: | 190 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 3,826 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 667 01 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Rajhrad - Hustopeče | ||||
| Next international airport : | Brno-Tuřany | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jan Vitula (as of 2015) | ||||
| Address: | Masarykova 100 667 01 Židlochovice |
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| Municipality number: | 584282 | ||||
| Website : | www.zidlochovice.cz | ||||
Židlochovice (German Groß Seelowitz , also Seelowitz , older Selchwitz ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 17 kilometers south of the city center of Brno and belongs to the Okres Brno-venkov .
geography
Židlochovice is located at the confluence of the Litava in the Svratka in the South Moravian Thaya-Schwarza valley basin . The Výhon (355 m) rises to the east of the city.
Neighboring towns are Vojkovice in the north, Opatovice and Blučina in the northeast, Nosislav in the southeast, Přísnotice in the south, Žabčice and Unkovice in the southwest and Hrušovany in the west.
history
The oldest archaeological finds come from the beginning of the Slavic settlement. Selowiz was first mentioned in a document in 1237 in a document by Wenceslas I. The place was the seat of the Vladiken family of the same name . Around 1350, the Füllsteiner owned the place. From them, Margrave Johann Heinrich acquired the place including the water festivals in 1353 . During this time, Seelowitz was raised to the status of a town and viticulture began. In 1379 Jobst of Moravia granted winegrowers the right to vineyard ( Horenské právo ). In 1407 Jobst left the place to Wilhelm Zajíc von Waldeck . The Waldsteiners acquired the property in 1420, followed by the Boskowitzers from 1454 and Wilhelm II von Pernstein from 1508 . The lords of Zierotin , who had owned Seelowitz since 1564, exercised religious tolerance. As a result, Moravian brothers and Anabaptists settled in the town. In 1570, Friedrich von Zierotin had the water fortress redesigned into a Renaissance palace. After Johann Dionys had died of Zierotin without male descendants, the heirs sold on 13 October 1616, the rule Seelowitz with the city Pohrlitz , the town Seelowitz, Lautschitz , Menitz and Nußlau and the villages Woikowitz , Nikoltschitz , Krepitz , Prisnotitz , Schabschitz , Unkowitz , Pribitz , Eibis , Moleis , Medlau and Laatz for 400,000 Moravian guilders to Adam von Waldstein. In 1714, the Obersthofkanzler, Count Philipp Ludwig Wenzel von Sinzendorf, bought the Seelowitz estate from his wife Rosina Katharina Isabella, née Countess von Waldstein, and her sister Maria Anna Franziska von Paar for 660000 Rhenish guilders. After the death of Count Sinzendorf, his three sons sold Seelowitz and the Rohrbach estate to Leopold von Dietrichstein in 1743 . He left the rule, including the newly built Leopoldsruhe hunting lodge, to his brother Karl Fürst von Dietrichstein for 1130,000 Rhenish guilders. In 1819, his son Franz Joseph sold the Seelowitz estate including the Rohrbach estate and the Groß Niemtschitz and Pürschitz estates for a total of 1,500,000 guilders to Albert Kasimir von Sachsen-Teschen .
In 1837 a sugar factory was built in Seelowitz. In 1865, the owner Julius Robert developed the Robert diffusion process, named after him, for juice extraction in beet sugar production. Robert used a Corbin light railway and the first steam plow in Moravia on his estate .
After the abolition of patrimonial Seelowitz became the seat of a district court from 1850. In 1873 it was elevated to the status of town. In 1880, 2651 people lived in the city, including 585 Germans. In 1893 a German minority school was established. In 1895 the almost three kilometer long local railway to Rohrbach bei Brünn (Hrušovany u Brna) was built as a connection to the Austrian Northern Railway . After the First World War, the Habsburgs were expropriated. The chateau became the summer residence of President Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk .
Between 1949 and 1960 Židlochovice was the district town of the Okres of the same name . 1979 the passenger traffic on the railway to Hrušovany u Brna was stopped. On December 15, 2019, the route was resumed in the new timetable with 28 pairs of trains following its electrification.
City structure
No districts are shown for the city of Židlochovice.
Town twinning
- Gbely , Slovakia
Attractions
- Town hall, built in 1559 under Wilhelm von Pernstein
- Baroque Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, built 1724–30 by Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt . The construction was financed by Count Sinzendorf.
- Baroque statues at the entrance to the church, created by Johann Stern
- Old cemetery with bell tower from 1446
- Castle Židlochovice, under Friedrich von Žerotín the reconstruction of the 14th century water festival to a castle took place in 1570, Philipp Ludwig von Sinzendorf had the castle redesigned in baroque style by Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach between 1722 and 1728 , later it was renovated by the landscape gardener Charboniére with one Surrounding the castle park
- Strejcův sbor, the house of the Brethren and the crypt of those of Zierotin , named after Jiří Strejc (1536–1599), the historical house is one of the few remaining objects of the Bohemian-Moravian Brethren
- Akátová věž (" Acacia Tower "), a round 17.7 m high observation tower on the mountain "Výhon" 354.4 m above sea level. in the east of the city. Constructed from robinia wood (also popularly known as "dummy acacia") and steel in 2009
sons and daughters of the town
- Wilhelm Marx von Marxberg (1815–1897), Vienna Police Commissioner
- Wenzel von Linhart (1821–1877), physician, councilor, professor of surgery
- Maurice Strakosch (1825–1887), composer and concert entrepreneur
- Anton Jelinek (1855–1931), city architect, deputy mayor and honorary citizen of Brno
- Friedrich of Austria (1856-1936)
- Maria Christina of Austria (1858–1929)
- Karl Stephan of Austria (1860–1933)
- Eugene of Austria-Teschen (1863–1954)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ František Černý, Pavel Váša: Moravská jména místní. Výklady filologické. Matice Moravská, Brno 1907, ( digitized version ).