Kuřim
| Kuřim | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Brno-venkov | ||||
| Area : | 1737 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 18 ' N , 16 ° 32' E | ||||
| Height: | 286 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 10,997 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 664 34 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: | Brno -Havlíčkův Brod | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Drago Sukalovský | ||||
| Address: | Jungmannova 968 664 34 Kuřim |
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| Municipality number: | 583251 | ||||
| Website : | radnice.kurim.cz | ||||
Kuřim (German Gurein ) is a town with 9546 inhabitants in the Czech Republic .
location
Kuřim is located 13 km northwest of the center of Brno at 286 m above sea level. M. in the valley of the river Kuřimka and belongs to the Okres Brno-venkov . The European route 461 passes to the east of the city, the Brno – Havlíčkův Brod railway runs through Kuřim . The city is surrounded by the mountains Kuřimská hora, Cimperk, Zlobice and Babí lom. The historic old town lies in a basin between four mountains: Kuřimská hora, Zborov, Záruba, Horka and Kolíbka.
history
As prehistoric finds show, the area around Kuřim was settled as early as the Paleolithic. The present city was probably built in the 12th century during the colonization of the country by the Přemyslids . The first written evidence is a certificate from Ottokar I. Přemysl from 1226. In 1405 Jobst of Moravia sold the place to Milota von Křižanov. The next owners were from 1464 to 1527 the Boskowitzers , who Kuřim sold to Siegmund Nekesch von Landek. In 1547 the Archbishop of Olomouc, Johann XVI. Dubraw the property for Siegmund's underage heirs to the city of Brno.
The city of Brno established the administration for all property in Gurein Castle and in 1570 elevated Gurein to a town. During the Thirty Years War in 1645, the Swedes devastated Gurein, which took a long time to recover. In 1679 the sandstone sculpture of St. Florian was erected on the ring and in 1722 the chapel of Johann von Nepomuk was built on the Gureiner Berg at a spring . In 1729 the embarrassing jurisdiction was abolished. In the middle of the 18th century, the two settlements Závist and Lhotka belonged to Gurein. The latter was located by the Šiberná grove and was later abandoned.
During the First Silesian War , Prussian troops marched into Gurein from Schwarzenberg on February 11, 1742, and Friedrich II stayed at the inn. In 1768 a fire destroyed parts of the village. Gurein has been known as a market town since 1785. In 1793, 821 people lived in Gurein, which consisted of 129 houses.
On November 25, 1805, French troops occupied Gurein and billeted themselves for two months. During this time, Napoleon Bonaparte also stayed here on December 2nd on the way to Čebín . In 1809 French soldiers passed through Gurein again. In 1825 a fire destroyed large parts of the village. From 1829 to 1832 the district road from Brno via Gurein to Tischnowitz was built as a connection to the local state road to Bohemia. Emperor Ferdinand I granted Gurein the right to hold a cattle market in 1844. With the abolition of patrimonial jurisdiction in 1848, the higher jurisdiction from Brno via Gurein ended. In 1855 Gurein became part of the Tischnowitz district and in 1868 it became part of the Brno district, to which it belonged until 1896. A German school for orphans from Brno was opened in the castle in 1884. A year later, the local railway from Brno via Gurein to Tischnowitz began operations, to which the Kuřim – Veverská Bítýška railway was added in 1911 . In 1889 the extension of the courtyard wing began at the castle. From 1896 the patch came back to the Tischnowitz district. Only during the dissolution of the district between 1942 and 1945 did Gurein belong to the Brno district.
Gurein became a center of mechanical engineering. Manufactured u. a. Accessories for Underwood typewriters or the two-stroke Z brand . During the Second World War Gurein was part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. In 1940, the Brno weapons works switched to weapons production in the Gurein branch as well. Under the code name Axinit, the Klöckner-Werke began building an underground relocation plant and apartments for the followers using forced labor . At the beginning of the 1940s, work was carried out to the west of the city to build the Reichsautobahn Breslau-Vienna . These were discontinued in 1943. On August 25, 1944, American bombers attacked the factory premises and on August 25/26. In April the Soviet Air Force bombed Gurein. On May 9th, the armed forces blew bridges and set fire to the place, which was occupied by Soviet and Romanian units. An internment camp for Germans was established in October 1945.
After the end of the war and the repair of the damage, the heavy industry resumed production. The TOS smithy completed the residential buildings that Klöckner had begun, and several new housing estates and a cultural center were built in the 1950s. The population grew steadily. On July 1, 1964, Kuřim was granted city rights.
In 1968 the Florian Column on the Ring was overturned. The swimming pool was built in 1985 and modernized after 1990.
The most important companies in the city are the machine tool manufacturer TOS Kuřim and Walter Kuřim sro, a foreign subsidiary of Walter Maschinenbau GmbH Tübingen. The well-known Czech sports bike designer Petr Otoupalík is also based in the city. a. manufactured the bicycle ball wheels for the Pospíšil brothers and other top athletes.
Attractions
- The baroque church of St. Maria Magdalena has its origins in 1226. The originally Romanesque building received its present form between 1766 and 1772.
- The castle has been used as a boarding school for trainees and school buildings as well as a prison since 1951.
- The water chapel of St. John of Nepomuk built in 1722 on the local mountain Kuřimská hora (435 m) south of the town
- The lookout tower on the Babí lom (562 m) ridge three kilometers east of the city was built between 1959 and 1961 in place of an older building.
Personalities
The cyclist Tomáš Konečný lives in Kuřim .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
