Ořechov
| Ořechov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Brno-venkov | ||||
| Area : | 1968 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 7 ' N , 16 ° 32' E | ||||
| Height: | 302 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,748 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 664 44 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Modřice - Silůvky | ||||
| Next international airport : | Brno-Turany Airport | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Josef Brabenec (as of 2009) | ||||
| Address: | Zahradní 216/1 664 44 Ořechov |
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| Municipality number: | 583561 | ||||
| Website : | orechovubrna.cz | ||||
Ořechov (German Groß Urhau ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eleven kilometers southwest of the city center of Brno and belongs to the Okres Brno-venkov .
geography
Ořechov is located on the right side of the Bobrava valley in the Thaya-Schwarza valley basin . To the north rises the Líchy (346 m), in the northeast of the Písoňky (341 m), southwest of the Jalovčiny (334 m).
Neighboring towns are Ořechovičky in the north, Nebovidy and Moravany in the northeast, Hajany in the east, Rajhrad and Syrovice in the southeast, Bratčice in the south, Tikovice and Mělčany in the southwest, Silůvky and Prštice in the west and Radostice and Střelice in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of Ořechov took place in 1234 in a deed of the Rajhrad monastery in which Nahrad of Ořechov signed as a witness. Ořechovičky was owned by the monastery of St. Anna first mentioned in Brno . Štikovice (Tikovice) can also be traced back to the first half of the 14th century; at that time the village was divided between the lords of Prštice and Kounice and the Brno chapter of St. Peter and Paul , with the chapter holding the largest share. The parish church of All Saints in Ořechov was first mentioned in 1317. In 1378 Ořechov was divided between the Brno Chapter and the Monastery of St. Anna. Between the three closely spaced villages there were large fish ponds in which pike were raised, which the residents had to deliver to the clergy in Brno as donations in kind. During the siege of Brno by the Swedes in the Thirty Years War, all three villages were sacked between 1643 and 1645. The oldest seal of Ořechov dates from 1740, it bears the inscription Peczet obeczni Welkeho Worzechoviho and a walnut tree in the coat of arms . After the Battle of Austerlitz , the villages were looted by the military in 1805.
After the abolition of patrimonial Velký Ořechov , Ořechovičky and Tikovice formed three independent municipalities in the Brno District Authority from 1850. During the German War , the Prussians invaded in 1866. At the beginning of the 20th century, the place name Ořechov prevailed for Velký Ořechov . In 1921 the municipalities were assigned to the Okres Brno-venkov. During the last days of the Second World War between April 18 and 24, 1945, stronger armored forces of the German 8th Army (General Kreysing ) were concentrated here during the Bratislava-Brno operation in order to stop the Soviet advance on Brno. The three villages were fiercely fought over for a week and then on April 24th were captured by the 2nd Ukrainian Front under Rodion Malinowski . After the tank battle in Groß Urhau, the three villages were largely in ruins. 189 houses were destroyed and 23 residents died in the fighting. 960 Russian and 275 German soldiers were killed in the battle. 34 tanks were destroyed on both sides. After the end of the war, it was quickly rebuilt. After the expulsion of Germans from Brno Sprachinsel 223 families moved mainly in the surrounding villages Moravany , Modřice and Želešice . On September 12, 1946, the communities Ořechov, Ořechovičky and Tikovice were merged into one municipality Ořechov. Ořechovičky lost the status of a district in 1948. Between 1948 and 1960 the municipality Ořechov belonged to the Okres Brno-okolí. After its cancellation, Ořechov came back to the Okres Brno-venkov. At the beginning of 1983, Tikovice also lost the status of a district. On April 24, 2005, the tank battle of Groß Urhau was re-enacted in front of 2,000 spectators.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Ořechov. The settlements Ořechovičky ( Klein Urhau ) and Tikovice ( Tikowitz ) belong to Ořechov .
Attractions
- Church of All Saints in Ořechov: The church has been a parish church since 1317, the current building was built in 1899 instead of a Romanesque predecessor. Between April 18 and 24, 1945, the church was used by the Wehrmacht as an observation post and then badly damaged during the fighting with the Red Army. It was restored between 1945 and 1946.
- Church of St. Georg in Tikovice, it received its present form in 1725
- Chapel in Ořechovičky
- Pilgrimage chapel of St. Peregrinus Laziosi , northeast over the valley of the Bobrava, built by invalids in the 18th century
- Monument to TG Masaryk, erected in 1929, it was removed after the Communists came to power and restored in the 1990s
- Prayer pillar
- Army Park Ořechov, east of the village, the former air defense position now serves as a military technical museum
- Soviet military cemetery, on the battlefield of the tank battle, 1452 members of the Red Army who died in the fighting for Brno were buried here
- Bobrava Nature Park, northwest of the village
- Střelický les natural monument , north of the village in the Bobrava valley
Sons and daughters of the church
- František Xaver Bakeš (1833–1917), composer
- Lucie Bakešová (1853–1935), ethnographer, granddaughter of Heinrich Wankel
- Jaroslav Bakeš (1871–1930), surgeon, born in Ořechovičky
- François Rysavy (1904–1984), actually František Ryšavý , head chef of the White House under US President Eisenhower and bestselling author, he also found his final resting place here
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 5, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
