Johannes Bader

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Johannes Bader (* around 1487 in Strasbourg ; † August 16, 1545 in Landau in the Palatinate ) was a German theologian and reformer .

Live and act

Nothing is known about Bader's youth and education. He was first found in 1509 as the tutor of Ludwig II of Pfalz-Zweibrücken in Zweibrücken , where he became a chaplain in 1514 . In 1518 he was appointed pastor to the collegiate church in Landau. He took up this position in 1520 after studying in Heidelberg.

In 1522 he stood up openly against the abuses of the Roman Catholic Church and particularly condemned ear confession. His critical appearance met with resistance and he was summoned to the episcopal court in Speyer on March 20, 1523 . The negotiations against him on April 28 and July 17, 1523 ended with the fact that he was granted, in accordance with the Nuremberg Reich Decree of 1523, “to preach the Holy Gospel and to obey the imperial mandate”. However, Bader came out more and more decisively against purgatory , paid masses and the veneration of saints . This earned him another summons to Speyer on March 10, 1524. In order to evade arrest, Bader did not appear and answered in writing. Since he was not granted his responsibility, he was banned on April 17th . Thereupon he appealed to the expected national council.

Bader stayed in Landau, where the city council of the free imperial city protected him from Bishop Georg von der Pfalz , who requested his extradition several times. Since the bishop did not achieve this, he tried, with the support of his brother, Elector Ludwig V of the Palatinate , and Emperor Ferdinand I , to get Bader's discharge from the preaching office. At the same time, the Landauer Stift, which nominally financed Bader's pastor's office, stopped paying Bader's salary. Since the city council compensated him for his services from now on, the bishop's undertaking was unsuccessful.

The citizens of Landau stood behind Bader, who primarily devoted himself to youth work in his community and wrote the oldest evangelical catechism for them in 1526 . He also opposed the Anabaptist hustle and bustle of Hans Denck . When his opponents spread the rumor that he wanted to offer the sacrament to a peasant woman who was carrying a goose under her arm, and the goose had caught the host, he developed his conception of the sacrament, which was close to the doctrine of the sacrament of his friend Martin Bucer . In 1536 he joined the Wittenberg Agreement .

In the last years of his life, Kaspar Schwenckfeld's influence was always clearly noticeable. Bader was in close correspondence with Schwenckfeld. This fits the information that Bader is said not to have held the Lord's Supper from around 1541 because of the inadequate moral conditions in his community in Landau. Because according to Schwenckfeld and apparently Bader too, only the “worthy” (ie those who behave in a morally impeccable manner in their daily life) should be admitted to the Lord's Supper. Since Bader had been sick several times since 1538, he asked for a helper ( deacon ) in 1543 ; but he was unable to work for a long time because he died on August 16, 1545.

Fonts

  • De vero atque legitimo dominicae usu sermo , 1526
  • Eyn Conversation Booklet from the beginning of Christian life with the young people of Landaw , 1526 ( first evangelical catechism ever )
  • Brotherly warning for the new idolatrous order of the Anabaptists , 1527
  • Summarium and account of the abbey of our Lord Jesus Christ , 1533
  • Christian Reformation in the Kirchenampt and sacrament trade for the Christian völcklin zu Landau , 1534
  • Catechism or Christian student play as traded with the Jugent zu Landawe , 1544

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bader, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bader, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH around 1487
PLACE OF BIRTH Strasbourg
DATE OF DEATH August 16, 1545
Place of death Landau in the Palatinate