Johannes Fischer (politician)

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Emil Stumpp Johannes Fischer (1926)

Johannes Fischer (born December 6, 1880 in Münsingen (Württemberg) ; died May 9, 1942 in Stuttgart ) was a German politician and journalist.

Life

Johannes Fischer came from a poor background, he learned the flasher trade in Metzingen , worked in Reutlingen and Stuttgart and went on a hike . In 1904 he became a member of the German Metalworkers' Association (DMV) for a short time . He married Berta Kehrer in 1906 and they had three children. From 1904 to 1909 he was secretary of the Protestant workers' associations in Württemberg in Reutlingen .

Fischer came to politics through Friedrich Naumann and was in the Reichstag elections in 1907, together with Theodor Heuss, his successful election campaign organizer and from 1909 his constituency secretary in Heilbronn .

Fischer had been a member of the Heilbronn Masonic Lodge Feartlos und Treu since 1909 and later (1934) became a member of the Stuttgart Masonic Lodge Erwin zur Treue am Rosenstein . In 1912 he was elected as a member of the Progressive People's Party (FVP) as the youngest member of the state parliament in Stuttgart and remained so until the revolution in 1918, for the FVP he was party secretary in Heilbronn from 1913.

From 1915 Fischer was a soldier in the First World War. After the end of the war he worked again as party secretary of the German Democratic Party (DDP) in Württemberg and was elected to the state constituent assembly in 1919. He wrote as a freelance journalist for various newspapers, including Stuttgarter Neues Tagblatt , Württemberger Zeitung, Schwarzwälder Bote and Reutlinger Generalanzeiger . In 1921 he became editor-in-chief of the DDP party newspaper "Der Beobachter". From 1921 to 1924 he was employed in the rank of government councilor in the press department of the Württemberg State Ministry, but the position was cut in the event of cost-cutting measures. In 1930 he succeeded Reinhold Maier as chairman of the Groß-Stuttgart branch of the DDP. Fischer joined the Württemberg state parliament in 1929 and was re-elected for the German State Party in 1932 . The Landtag was dissolved and redefined by the Hitler government on March 31, 1933 with the help of the "Provisional Act on the Coordination of the Lands with the Reich", which was made possible by the Enabling Act that Heuss co-decided, so that Fischer lost his mandate.

As an opponent of the National Socialists, Fischer was placed in protective custody in June 1933 and was imprisoned in the Heuberg concentration camp for several months . Fischer then worked as a sales representative for coal and typewriters. In 1933/34 he wrote an autobiography that was supposed to be published by Ullstein Verlag , but could not be printed for political reasons. It was published in 1990 by the Württemberg History and Antiquity Association under the title From Fifty Years and also contains an appreciation by Fischer von Heuss from the 1950s, called an "afterword". Fischer died of heart disease in 1942.

Fischer's daughter Lotte was married to the FDP politician and member of the state parliament Walter Nischwitz (1889–1969).

Fonts (selection)

Johannes Fischer From Fifty Years (1990)
  • The German people and their war: speeches, essays, things seen and experienced at the front . Stuttgart: Keutel, 1915
  • Matthias Hohner  : the pioneer of the harmonica; Life picture and life's work . Stuttgart: Muth, 1940
  • The Walcker family of organ builders in Ludwigsburg. The people - the times - the work . Afterword Theodor Heuss . Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1966 (first 1943)
  • From fifty years: a transcript from 1933/34 . Afterword Theodor Heuss . Edited by Günther Bradler. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1990

literature

  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2001 ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 12f.
  • Christoph Dembek: Johannes Fischer. Voice of the Württemberg democracy , in: Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg Archive News, 2015, 50, pp. 12-13.
  • Christoph Dembek: Johannes Fischer , in: Württembergische Biographien, 3, 2017, pp. 61–63.
  • Rainer Braun: Johannes Fischer. Journalist and member of the state parliament , in: Lived utopia. In the footsteps of the Freemasons in Württemberg, arr. by Albrecht Ernst, Regina Grünert, Stuttgart 2017, pp. 138–139

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician
DATE OF BIRTH December 6, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Münsingen (Württemberg)
DATE OF DEATH May 9, 1942
Place of death Stuttgart