John Murray (oceanographer)

John Murray

Sir John Murray , KCB (born March 3, 1841 in Cobourg , Ontario , Canada , † March 16, 1914 in Kirkliston , Edinburgh , Scotland ) was a British oceanographer and scientist .

Murray's parents were from Scotland . He went to Scotland to study, first to Stirling High School and then to Edinburgh University , and shortly afterwards he went to Spitsbergen to work as a whaler 's ship's doctor .

From 1872 to 1876 Murray took part in the Challenger Expedition as an assistant to Charles Wyville Thomson . By 1896 he published the scientific results in 50 volumes and thus founded oceanography .

Among other things, he visited Christmas Island and determined the commercial value of the phosphate stored on the island based on a sample collected in 1877. The island later dedicated a stamp to him .

Murray died in a car accident .

Awards and dedication names

In 1895 he was awarded the Royal Medal of the Royal Society , in which he was elected in the following year 1896 as a member (" Fellow "). Since 1877 he was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and since 1897 a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg . In 1900 he received the Clarke Medal from the Royal Society of New South Wales . Also in 1900 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 1912 to the National Academy of Sciences .

The Cape Murray , the Murray Island and Murray Glacier in Antarctica are named after him. The same applies to the Murray snowfield on the island of South Georgia and the island of John Murray Ø off the north coast of Greenland .

Murray is in the epithet of the Christmas Island Zwergfledermaus ( Pipistrellus murrayi ), the Murray hemidactylus ( Hemidactylus murrayi ), the Ohrwurmart Paralabella murrayi , the angler fish Melanocetus murrayi , the Oktopusart Cirrothauma murrayi , the Hemiptera Taylorilygus murrayi , and the order Murrayonida from the class of calcareous honored.

literature

Harold L. Burstyn: Science Pays Off: Sir John Murray and the Christmas Island Phosphate Industry, 1886-1914 , in: Social Studies of Science, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Feb. 1975), pp. 5-34.

Web links

Sir John Murray ( English, French ) In: The Canadian Encyclopedia .
Literature by and about John Murray in the catalog of the German National Library
Search for "John Murray (Oceanographer)" in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation

Individual evidence

↑ AJG Notholt, RP Sheldon, DF Davidson: Phosphate Deposits of the World . Volume 2, Phosphate Rock Resources. Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-521-67333-4 , pp. 558 ( google.com ).
^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. (PDF file) Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed March 23, 2020 .
^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724: Murray. John. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed March 23, 2020 (Russian).

personal data
SURNAME	Murray, John
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	British oceanographer and naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH	March 3, 1841
PLACE OF BIRTH	Cobourg , Ontario , Canada
DATE OF DEATH	March 16, 1914
Place of death	Kirkliston , Edinburgh , Scotland

[NotholtSheldon2005-1] AJG Notholt, RP Sheldon, DF Davidson: Phosphate Deposits of the World . Volume 2, Phosphate Rock Resources. Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-521-67333-4 , pp. 558 ( google.com ).

[2] Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. (PDF file) Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed March 23, 2020 .

[3] Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724: Murray. John. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed March 23, 2020 (Russian).