John Strong Newberry

John Strong Newberry (born December 22, 1822 in Windsor , Connecticut , † December 7, 1892 in New Haven , Connecticut) was an American doctor, geologist , paleontologist , botanist and explorer. Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ Newb. "

Life

Newberry graduated from Case Western Reserve University in 1846 and graduated from Cleveland Medical School in 1848. He then spent two years studying in Paris (where he studied with the botanist Adolphe Brongniart ) before becoming a Doctor in Cleveland. His interest in paleobotany was awakened early on by collecting fossils in his father's coal mines, and his interest in science through his acquaintance with James Hall .

As a geologist and doctor he took part in several expeditions to the American West: in 1855 in the War Department's expedition to explore the area north of San Francisco to the Columbia River in Oregon (where a railway line was to be built), in 1857/58 in an expedition to Exploration of the Colorado River and in 1859 an expedition under Lieutenant JC Ives to southwest Colorado, to Utah, Arizona and New Mexico. He may have been the first geologist to explore the Grand Canyon at the time . He published his observations in geology, botany and zoology in the final reports of the expeditions.

In 1857 he became a professor at George Washington University (Columbian University). During the Civil War he was an important member and organizer of equipment for field hospitals in the Medical Commission of the Northern States from 1861, in particular he was responsible for the western theater of war in the Mississippi region.

After the end of the war, he became professor of geology and paleontology at Columbia University (School of Mines) in 1866 , the museum of which he founded with his own extensive collection. In addition, he was director of the Ohio Geological Survey from 1869 (state geologist of Ohio), during which time he edited four volumes of the Geology of Ohio (and there reported, among other things, on plant fossils from coal deposits) and he was a member of the Illinois Geological Survey. In 1884 he became a paleontologist for the US Geological Survey.

He was president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1867 and of the New York Academy of Sciences from 1867 to 1891 . He was a juror at the 1876 World's Fair in Philadelphia. In 1891 he was president and organizer of the International Geological Congress in Washington DC and in 1888 co-founded the Geological Society of America . In 1888 he received the Murchison Medal . In 1863 he was one of the 50 founding members of the National Academy of Sciences and was also admitted to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1887 .

As a paleontologist he worked, among other things, on fossil fish ( Triassic , Paleozoic ) and as a botanist he cataloged the flowering plants and ferns in Ohio and published on paleobotany (especially Triassic, Cretaceous , Tertiary ). He first described Dinichthys (a large placodermi from the Devonian of Ohio).

Honors

The Newberry Volcano in Oregon is named after him. Also the genus Newberrya Torr. from the family of the heather plants (Ericaceae) is named after him.

Fonts

The Structure and Relations of Dinichthys, 1875
The Origin and Classification of Ore Deposits, 1880
Report on the Fossil Fishes Collected on the Illinois Geological Survey, 1886
Fossil Fishes and Fossil Plants of the Triassic Rocks of New Jersey and the Connecticut Valley, 1888
Paleozoic Fishes of North America, 1889
Later Extinct Floras, 1898

literature

Newberry, John Strong . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 19 : Mun - Oddfellows . London 1911, p. 463 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).

Web links

Commons : John Strong Newberry - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

John Strong Newberry Papers. New York Botanical Garden

Individual evidence

↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .

personal data
SURNAME	Newberry, John Strong
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	American geologist
DATE OF BIRTH	December 22, 1822
PLACE OF BIRTH	Windsor , Connecticut
DATE OF DEATH	December 7, 1892
Place of death	New Haven , Connecticut

[Burkhardt_2018-1] Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .