Joost van den Vondel

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Joost van den Vondel, portrait by Philips de Koninck , 1665.

Vondel's signature:
Signature Joost van den Vondel.PNG

Joost van den Vondel (born November 17, 1587 in Cologne , † February 5, 1679 in Amsterdam ) was a Dutch poet and playwright . Along with Gerbrand A. Bredero and Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, he is regarded as the most important poet of the Dutch Golden Age .

Life

Joost van den Vondel was born as the second of seven children in Cologne's Große Witschgasse. His parents were Joost van Vondel senior and Sara Cranen. They came from Antwerp , but fled from there to Cologne due to the Counter-Reformation because they belonged to the Mennonite faith. Three of the seven children were born in Cologne, Joost van den Vondel's older sister Clementia in 1586, Joost himself the following year and his sister Sara in 1594. Since the Counter-Reformation was also being promoted in Cologne, the family moved to Amsterdam via Utrecht in 1596. Regardless of this expulsion, Vondel retained a deep affection for Cologne all his life, so he often confessed that he felt a "great longing for my place of birth". In 1639 he processed the legend of Ursula of Cologne and her 11,000 virgins into the tragedy Maeghden ("virgins"). When the Swedish King Gustav II Adolf threatened Cologne in 1632, Vondel asked him in the poem Olivenzweig for Gustav Adolf to spare his hometown.

Vondel earned his living in a hosiery business that he had taken over from his father. After his son declared bankruptcy in 1656, he was employed by the Bank van Lening as an accountant; He continued to receive his salary after his retirement in 1668. He was a member of the Brabant poets' guild Het Wit Lavendel . While he was still working as a stocking maker, he began to write dramas himself as an admirer of the Roman author Seneca . After a phase of intensive religious search, he converted to the Catholic Church around 1640, whose teaching he also presented in literary terms ( Altaergeheimenissen , 1645; Bespiegelingen van Godt en godtsdienst , 1662). At the same time he was of the opinion that even the "true" religion is worthless for a person without active charity.

Gerhard Johannes Vossius (1577–1649) was one of his models . Crispin de Passe the Elder published verses by Vondel in his Thronus Cupidinis in Amsterdam in 1618 . Vondel's most important works include his plays Gijsbrecht van Aemstel and Lucifer .

Commemoration

The Vondelpark in Amsterdam and the Vondelstrasse in the Neustadt-Süd district of Cologne , located in the Veedel Südstadt , are named after Joost van den Vondel .

Vondel's face is depicted on NLG 5 banknotes from 1973.

The asteroid (2992) Vondel bears his name.

The Alfred Toepfer Foundation FVS awarded the Joost van den Vondel Prize from 1960 to 2000 .

Works

poetry

  • The gulden Winckel of the Konstlievende Nederlanders (1613)
  • Hymn ofte Lofgesangh over de wijdberoemde scheepvaert der Vereenigde Nederlanden (1613)
  • Vorstelijcke warande der dieren (1617)
  • Op de jongste Hollantsche Transformatie (1618)
  • De Helden Godes (1620)
  • Het lof der zeevaert (1623)
  • Geboortklock van Willem van Nassau (1626)
  • Bruyloftbed van PC Hooft en Helionora Hellemans (1627)
  • Rommelpot van 't Hane-kot (1627)
  • Verovering van Grol door Frederick Henrick, Prince van Oranje (1627)
  • De Rynstroom (1630)
  • Roskam (1630)
  • Harpoen (1630)
  • Een otter in 't bolwerck (1630)
  • Geuse vespers (1631)
  • Decretum horribile (1631)
  • Op Huygh de Groots verlossing (1632)
  • Inwying the doorluchtige Schoole t'Amsterdam (1632)
  • Kinderlijck (1632)
  • Uitvaert van mijn Dochterken (1633)
  • Lyckklaght aan het Vrouwekoor, over het verlies van mijn ega (1635)
  • De titel maakt alleen geen Graef (1638), obituary for Jakob Dircksz de Graeff
  • Brieven der Saint Maeghden, Martela meals (1642)
  • Aen de Beurs van Amsterdam (1643)
  • JJ Vondel's Various Poems (1644)
  • Alta Secrets (1645)
  • Bouwzang
  • Poezy (verzamelbundel) (1650)
  • Inwydinge van 't stadthuis t'Amsterdam (1655), (Edition by Marijke Spies et al. Available online at)
  • Het stockske van Joan van Oldenbarnevelt (1657)
  • Zeemagazyn (1658)
  • Wildzang (1660)
  • Adonias (1661), dedicated to Jacob de Graeff
  • Toneelschilt often bankruptcy speech voor het toneelrecht (1661)
  • Mirroring van Godt en Godtsdienst (1662)
  • The bruiloft van den weledelen heer Peter de Graef , Jongkheer van Zuitpolsbroek en de weledele mejoffer Jakoba Bikker
  • Joannes de Boetgezant (1663)
  • Afbeeldingen der stamheeren en zommige telgen van de Graven, Boelensen, Bickeren en Witsens, toegewyt the noble en strict armies Andries de Graeff
  • De Heerlijckheid der Kercke (1663)
  • Uitvaert van Maria van den Vondel (1668)

Dramas

  • Het Pascha ofte de Verlossing Israels uit Egypt (1610)
  • Hiërusalem is fading (1620)
  • Palamedes of Vermoorde Onnooselheijd (1625)
  • Jozef of Sofompaneas (1635)
  • Gijsbrecht van Aemstel (1637)
  • Maeghden (1639)
  • Gebroeders (1640)
  • Joseph in Dothan (1640)
  • Joseph in Egypt (1640)
  • Peter en Pauwels (1641)
  • Maria Stuart of Gemartelde Majesteit (1646)
  • Leeuwendalers, lantspel (1647)
  • Solomon (1648)
  • Lucifer (1654)
  • Salmoneus (1657)
  • Jeptha of Offerbelofte (1659)
  • David in Ballingschap (1660)
  • David hersteld (1660)
  • Samson of holy wraak (1660)
  • Adonias of Rampsalighe kroonzucht (1661)
  • Batavische gebroeders of Onderdruckte vryheit (1663)
  • Faëton of Reuckeloze stoutheit (1663)
  • Adam in Ballingschap of Aller treurspelen Treurspel (1664)
  • Zunchin of Ondergang der Sineesche heerschappije (1667)
  • Noah of Ondergang der eerste wereld (1667)

Short poems

  • 1627: Bruyloftbed van Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft en Helionora Hellemans
  • 1633: Kinder-lyck (on the occasion of the death of his son Constantijn)
  • 1660: Op d'Afbeeldinge van den edelen strict armies Cornelis de Graeff
  • 1668: Uitvaert van Maria van den Vondel

literature

Web links

Commons : Joost van den Vondel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Curriculum vitae of Joost van den Vondel Koninklijke Bibliotheek (Dutch)
  2. ^ Barbara and Christoph Driessen : Cologne. A story. Cologne 2015, p. 145 ff.
  3. ^ Barbara and Christoph Driessen: Cologne. A story. Cologne 2015, p. 150f.
  4. ↑ Johanna Bundschuh-van Duikeren and others: Basic course in literature from Flanders and the Netherlands. Münster 2014, pp. 98–99
  5. ↑ Christoph Driessen: A short history of Amsterdam. Regensburg 2010, p. 69.
  6. ↑ http://www.worldbanknotescoins.com/2015/04/netherlands-5-gulden-banknote-1973-joost-van-den-vondel.html
  7. ↑ De titel maakt alleen geen Graef
  8. ↑ Bouwzang
  9. ↑ Inwydinge van 't Stadthuis t'Amsterdam
  10. ↑ Adonias
  11. ↑ Vondel Ter bruiloft van den weledelen heer Peter de Graef, Jongkheer van Zuitpolsbroek en de weledele mejoffer Jakoba Bikker
  12. ↑ Op d'Afbeeldinge van den precious stern armies Cornelis de Graeff
personal data
SURNAME Vondel, Joost van den
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch poet and playwright
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1587
PLACE OF BIRTH Cologne , Kurköln , Holy Roman Empire
DATE OF DEATH February 5, 1679
Place of death Amsterdam , Holland , Republic of the Seven United Provinces