Joseph Anton Stranitzky

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Stranitzky in the costume of the pig tailor Hans Wurst. The posture shows his dance training.

Joseph Anton Stranitzky (born September 10, 1676, presumably in Knittelfeld / Styria , † May 19, 1726 in Vienna ) was an Austrian actor , theater writer and theater director . He is considered to be the founder of the old Viennese folk theater and inventor of the Viennese Hanswurst that appears in it . He was also a dentist certified by the Medical Faculty of Vienna .

Life

Stranitzky, presumably a son of the married couple Wenzel Stranitzky ("Wenceslaus Strännitzgy") and Maria Barbara Stranitzky, was, as was customary at the time, both actor and puppeteer . He joined a traveling troupe that made a guest appearance in Munich in 1699, and at that time was also working as an independent puppet company in southern Germany. Around 1705 he and his wife Maria Monica settled in Vienna. In 1706 he appeared at the Neuer Markt in Vienna, always in shacks. In 1711 he became the tenant of the Kärntnertortheater , a new stone-built house.

With his troupe "Teutscher Komödianten" founded in 1706, he made competition with the Commedia dell'arte actors. He developed the comic character of the Viennese Hanswurst for himself . The buffoon was considerably coarser than the Italian types of impromptu comedy and was so successful that it was imitated and adopted by other actors such as Stranitzky's son-in-law and successor Gottfried Prehauser .

Stranitzky was also a wine merchant and worked for a "traveling doctor " with whom he had probably been on the fairs together as a young man, learned to work as a surgeon , perhaps also a quack , and "tooth puller". Actors often took on the more crude medical activities of the time, such as surgery and dentistry , which mostly consisted of amputations and tooth extraction. In the end, Stranitzky was even examined by the Vienna Medical Faculty for work as a “dentist and oral doctor”. His son Augustin (1712–1740) also worked as a dentist.

He died on May 19, 1726 at the age of 49 in the "Comödi House" near the old Kärntnertor in Vienna. The official cause of death was "internal fire" (fever).

effect

Stranitzky parodied and travested court operas , which he translated from Italian and French, and integrated his Hanswurst figure, also caricatured as "Hans Sausakh von Wurstelfeld". A whole series of texts of such major and state actions have been preserved.

In 1938 the Stranitzkygasse in Vienna- Meidling was named after him.

Works

expenditure

  • Rudolf Payer von Thurn (ed.): Vienna Main and State Actions, 2 vol., Vienna: Literarischer Verein 1908/12.
  • Josef Anton Stranitzky (et al.): Hanswurstiaden . A century of Viennese comedy. Vienna: Residence 2001. ISBN 3-7017-1028-7

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Josef Anton Stranitzky  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ralf Vollmuth: Joseph Anton Stranitzky (1676–1726), comedian and dentist. A contribution to the history of medicine and theater. In: Würzburg medical history reports. 23, 2004, pp. 339-345; here: p. 339.
  2. ↑ Ralf Vollmuth (2004), p. 339 f.
  3. ↑ Ralf Vollmuth (2004), p. 340.
  4. ↑ Ralf Vollmuth (2004), p. 339 f.
  5. ↑ Ralf Vollmuth (2004), p. 342 f.
  6. ^ Arbeiter-Zeitung , May 18, 1927 in the Austrian National Library
  7. ↑ Ralf Vollmuth (2004), pp. 340–343.
personal data
SURNAME Stranitzky, Joseph Anton
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian actor and theater poet
DATE OF BIRTH September 10, 1676
PLACE OF BIRTH Knittelfeld
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1726
Place of death Vienna