Joseph Disse

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Joseph Disse (around 1890)

Joseph Hugo Vincenz Disse (born December 25, 1852 in Brakel , district of Höxter , Province of Westphalia , Kingdom of Prussia ; † July 9, 1912 in Oberstdorf , Bavaria ) was a German anatomist and histologist who, with the discovery of the Disse area, got his name in the anatomical nomenclature .

Disse were among those German doctors who, as " foreign contractors ", made an important contribution to the development of modern medicine in Japan .

Life

Disse was born as the son of the general practitioner and later district physician Andreas Disse. He studied medicine at the Universities of Würzburg , Göttingen , Munich and Erlangen . During his studies he became a member of the Brunsviga fraternity in Göttingen in 1870 and of the Bubenreuth fraternity in Erlangen in 1872 , later becoming their honorary philistine. In 1875 he became assistant to the anatomist Joseph von Gerlach , who had become known for his new staining methods . At his suggestion, Disse's contributions to the anatomy of the human larynx emerged, with which he received his doctorate on March 7, 1875. From 1876 to 1880 he was assistant to the anatomist Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer (1836–1921) in Strasbourg . Both were linked by a lifelong friendship.

In 1880 he went to the still young University of Tokyo at the invitation of the Japanese government . After Friedrich Karl Wilhelm Dönitz and Johann Ernst Tiegel (1849–1889), he was the third “German” to develop anatomical training in the Faculty of Medicine. A plan of human anatomy, printed in 1882 for teaching, has survived from this period . In 1885 Koganei Yoshikiyo ( 小 金井 良 精 ) returned from Berlin. He had made it up to assistant with Waldeyer, who had been teaching in Berlin as successor to Karl Bogislaus Reichert since 1883 , and was now the first Japanese to be appointed professor of anatomy in September of that year. Disse continued to give lessons in topographical anatomy, but received new assignments in histology and pathology . In 1887 he published together with Taguchi Kazumi ( 田 口 和美 ) a work on The Contagium of Syphilis , which however did not lead to a breakthrough. In 1887 Disse's treaty expired and he left Japan on May 28.

After his return he first went to Berlin, but in 1889 he switched to the anatomical institute of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen as a prosector , where he completed his habilitation under Friedrich Merkel in the same year. In February 1894 he became an associate professor while retaining his prosector position. Three months later he accepted a position at the Anatomical Institute in Halle , but gave up this position again because of the inadequate equipment and problems in working with colleagues and in October went to the Philipps University in Marburg as the first prosector and associate professor . In 1907 he became an honorary professor here . When he fell ill with tuberculosis in 1911 , he had to give up teaching in November of that year. The following year he died of tubercular meningitis .

In his scientific work, Disses focused on the field of microscopic anatomy, embryology and histology. His publications include those on the development of the olfactory nerve (Nervus olfactorius) and the olfactory zone (Regio olfactoria). The Disse space described by him for the first time is a 10–15 micrometer wide gap between the enlarged liver capillaries and the liver cells . Disse also wrote an outline of the tissue theory (Stuttgart: Enke, 1892) and contributed chapters to several handbooks ( Heymanns Handbuch der Laryngologie und Rhinologie, Bardelebens Handbuch der Anatomie).

literature

  • Sōda Hajime, Kambara Hiroshi, Nagaya Yōji, Ishida Sumio (eds.): Igakukindaika to rainichi gaikokujin. Sekai hoken tsūshinsha, Ōsaka 1988, pp. 96-100.
  • Astrid Manny: Joseph Hugo Vincenz Disse (1852–1912). Life and work. Dissertation, University of Marburg, 1992.
  • Hermann Heinrich Vianden: The introduction of German medicine in Japan during the Meiji period. Triltsch, Düsseldorf 1985, pp. 146-151.
  • Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer : Josef Disse †. In: Anatomischer Anzeiger . Vol. 42, 1912, pp. 26-28 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hugo Böttger (ed.): Directory of the old fraternity members according to the status of the winter semester 1911/12. Berlin 1912, p. 37.
  2. ↑ Ernst Höhne: The Bubenreuther. History of a German fraternity. II, Erlangen 1936, p. 222.
  3. ↑ See Waldeyer's obituary in the Anatomisches Anzeiger , 1912.
  4. ↑ He was actually Swiss from Schaffhausen .
  5. ↑ Notes from the Medical Faculty of the Imperial Japanese University of Tokyo. Vol. 1, 1887, 87 pages.
personal data
SURNAME Disse, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Disse, Joseph Hugo Vincenz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German anatomist and histologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 25, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Brakel
DATE OF DEATH July 9, 1912
Place of death Oberstdorf