Joseph Ennemoser

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Joseph Ennemoser

Joseph Ennemoser (born November 15, 1787 in the mountain hamlet of Schönau on the Egghof near Rabenstein in Passeier, today municipality of Moos in Passeier , South Tyrol , then Austria-Hungary ; † September 19, 1854 in Egern, today Rottach-Egern , on the Tegernsee ) was a Tyrolean doctor, magnetizer and medical-philosophical writer.

Life

Ennemoser, the child of a Tyrolean farmer, grew up with his grandfather, with whom he tended cattle. He attended high school in Meran and Trient and studied medicine in Innsbruck from 1806 . When the Tyrolean uprising broke out in 1809, he followed Andreas Hofer as secretary and then continued his studies in Erlangen and Vienna . In 1812 he came to Berlin, where he met Christian Friedrich von Petersdorff and Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow . In the summer of 1812 he went to London with several Tyroleans to receive support in the fight against Napoleon. From 1813 he was active under Jakob Riedl in the Lützow Freikorps as the leader of a Tyrolean rifle division, where he distinguished himself particularly at Lauenburg and Jülich. In September 1813 he was promoted to second lieutenant.

After the Peace of Paris he finished his studies in Berlin and was a supporter of the new doctrine of animal magnetism founded by Franz Anton Mesmer . He received his doctorate in Berlin in 1816 with the medical dissertation De montium influxu in valetudinem hominum . He completed his habilitation in Bonn in 1817 and became an associate professor there in 1820 and a full professor of medicine in 1828 (for the subjects of pathology, anthropology and psychology). In Bonn also taught the concepts of animal magnetism. He was discharged in 1837 and only settled in Innsbruck and in 1841 in Munich, where he achieved a great reputation as a "magnetic doctor" as a mesmerist, but criticized as charlatan and miracle worker by doctors who represented scientific and empirical medicine. He died on September 19, 1854 in Egern (today Rottach-Egern) on the Tegernsee .

Honors

In 1820 he was accepted into the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .

In 1955, Ennemosergasse in Vienna- Donaustadt (22nd district) was named after him. There has been an Ennemoserstraße in Munich since 1938 and in Bonn since 2000 . A memorial commemorates him in his home town of Moos in Passeier.

Writings and works (selection)

  • De Montium Influxu in Valetudinem Hominum, Vitae Genus et Morbos. Dissertatio Inauguralis Medica ( On the influence of the mountains on people's health, their way of life and their diseases ). Berlin 1816.
  • Magnetism according to the all-round relationship of its being, its appearances, application and unraveling in a historical development of all times and among all peoples . Leipzig 1819.
  • About the closer interaction of body and soul, with anthropological studies about the murderer Adolph Moll . Habicht, Bonn 1825.
  • Magnetism in its historical development (Leipzig 1819), from the 2nd edition with the title:
    • History of Animal Magnetism. Bd .: 1 history of magic . Leipzig 1844. Reprint of the 1844 edition, Sendet, Wiesbaden 1966.
  • Historical-psychological research on the origin and nature of the human soul in general, and on the animation of the child in particular . Bonn 1824, 2nd edition, Stuttgart 1851.
  • Anthropological views for a better knowledge of man . Bonn 1828.
  • The magnetism in relation to nature and religion (with an appendix about the table back ). Stuttgart 1842, 2nd edition 1853.
  • What is cholera and what is the most secure way of protecting yourself from it? In addition to an indication of the most proven healing of the same . 2nd ed. Stuttgart 1848.
  • The spirit of man in nature, or psychology in accordance with natural history . Cotta, Stuttgart 1849.
  • Instructions for Mesmer's Practice . Stuttgart 1852. Reprint of the 1852 edition, Kuballe, Osnabrück 1984.
  • The horoscope in world history . Munich 1860.
    • The horoscope in world history . With d. autobiogr. Fragment: Mein Leben as well as a symbolic figure and a letter facsimile ed. u. a. by Hermann Haase. Pflüger Verlag, Munich 1924.
  • Investigations into the origin and nature of the human soul . With d. Fragment: my life . Verlag Die Pforte, Basel 1980. ISBN 3-7725-0184-2 .

literature

  • Ennemoser Josef. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Publishing House of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1957, p. 254 f. (Direct links on p. 254 , p. 255 ).
  • August Hirsch:  Ennemoser, Joseph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 150 f.
  • Jakob Bremm: The Tyrolean Joseph Ennemoser: 1787–1854; a teacher of animal magnetism and a forgotten champion of evolutionary thinking in medicine . Fischer, Jena 1930.
  • Karl Wilhelm Schmitz: The animal magnetism as part of the romantic natural philosophy of the early 19th century in the life's work of the Tyrolean Joseph Ennemoser. Univ., Diss., Bonn 1995.
  • Werner E. Gerabek : Joseph Ennemoser. In: Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte . De Gruyter, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 356.
  • Ellen Hastaba, Siegfried de Rachewiltz (ed.): For freedom, truth and justice! Joseph Ennemoser and Jakob Philipp Fallmerayer. Tyrol from 1809 to 1848/49 . Schlern-Schriften 349, Innsbruck 2009.
  • Monika Fink-Lang: The doctor and magnetizer Joseph Ennemoser. From the miracle of the human spirit . DAMALS The magazine for history 4/2010.
  • Siegfried de Rachewiltz (ed.): Joseph Ennemoser. Life and work of the freedom fighter, physician and magnetizer (1787–1854) . Haymon, Innsbruck 2010, (= series of historical sources on the cultural history of Tyrol, Volume 5).

Web links

Wikisource: Joseph Ennemoser  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member entry by Franz Joseph Ennemoser at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 13, 2015.
  2. ^ Ennemoserstraße in the Bonn street cadastre
personal data
SURNAME Ennemoser, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Doctor and medical-philosophical writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 15, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Moos in Passeier , Italy
DATE OF DEATH September 19, 1854
Place of death Rottach-Egern