Pointed rush

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Pointed rush
Pointed rush (Juncus acutiflorus)

Pointed rush ( Juncus acutiflorus )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Rush Family (Juncaceae)
Genre : Rushes ( Juncus )
Type : Pointed rush
Scientific name
Juncus acutiflorus
Honor ex Hoffm.

The pointed flowered rush ( Juncus acutiflorus ) is a species of the genus rushes ( Juncus ) within the rush family (Juncaceae). It occurs mainly in Europe .

description

Pointed rush ( Juncus acutiflorus ), illustration
inflorescence

The pointed-flowered bulrush is a form-rich, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 100 centimeters. It forms a creeping rhizome and long runners . The stem is mostly upright. The leaves are divided into leaf sheath and leaf blade. The auricles of the leaf sheath are brownish, short and rather coarse. With a diameter of about 3 millimeters, the leaf blade is almost round and hollow on the inside, without any pith .

The inflorescence as with all bins plants a Spirre . The inner tepals are longer than the outer ones and the inner tepals are pointed, the outer only pointed; they are maroon with a narrow, membranous border. The flowering period is July to August.

The striking, beak-like capsule fruit is elongated when ripe and contains only a few seeds. The seeds are shaped roughly like a lemon.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40.

ecology

The pointed-flowered bulrush is a hemicryptophyte . The seeds spread out as a granular flyer .

Occurrence

The pointed-flowered bulrush is a sub-Atlantic (to sub-Mediterranean) species. It occurs mainly in Europe. There are isolated occurrences in Turkey, Iran, Syria and Israel. It was naturalized in Newfoundland and New Zealand . In Europe, the species is widespread in the west. In the north, the deposits reach as far as the Shetland Islands, Denmark and southern Norway, and in the east as far as the Black Sea. It is usually rare in the Mediterranean region. In Germany, the pointed rush occurs in the north and south (with larger distribution gaps).

The pointed-flowered bulrush thrives best on waterlogged, but at least occasionally drying, nutrient-rich soils , which can be muddy, boggy or poor in humus. Under suitable conditions, it also grows on freshly raised soil. It hardly rises to altitudes above 1700 meters and is completely absent in Central Europe in some areas; overall it is rare there. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises up to 1,100 meters above sea level. In Central Europe it is a character species of Juncetum acutiflori from the Juncion acutiflori association, but also occurs in societies of the Molinion or Caricion fuscae associations.

Systematics

One can distinguish between two subspecies:

  • Juncus acutiflorus subsp. acutiflorus : It occurs in Europe and from the Mediterranean region to Iraq.
  • Juncus acutiflorus subsp. rugosus (Steud.) Cout. : It occurs in Portugal and southwestern Spain.

literature

  • Siegmund Seybold : The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 95th completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 8 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclasses Commelinidae part 2, Arecidae, Liliidae part 2): Juncaceae to Orchidaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3359-8 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 5 : Swan flowers to duckweed plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  150 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 302.
  3. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Juncus acutiflorus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 2, 2016.

Web links

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