Jurançon Noir

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Jurançon Noir is an autochthonous red grape variety from the Sud-Ouest wine-growing region in southwestern France . It is used in the appellations Vins de Lavilledieu , Vins d'Estaing and Vins d'Entraygues et du Fel, among others . Until 1996 the Jurançon Noir was also approved for the Cahors . The variety may also no longer be used for the wine from the Gaillac growing region .

The acreage is falling sharply. In 1958, 12,325 hectares of vineyards were raised in France alone . In 2008 the forested area was only 786 hectares. Smaller cultivated areas are in Uruguay .

The high-yielding variety produces light, light-colored wines with a medium alcohol content that should be drunk young. The red wines have a slight aroma of violets.

In France, clones 438, 571 and 659 are approved for commercial cultivation. The Institut National de la Recherche en Agronomie (INRA) in Montpellier used the variety to cross the new varieties Chenanson and Segalin . The grape variety is not related to the white Jurançon grape . The red Jurançon grape is not used for the wines from the Jurançon wine-growing region of the same name .

See also the article Viticulture in France and Viticulture in Uruguay, as well as the list of grape varieties .

Synonyms

The Jurançon Noir grape variety is also available under the names Arrivet, Cahors, Chalosse noire, Charge-fort, Dame Noire, Dégoutant, Enrageat, Fola belcha, Folle noire, Folle rouge, Gamay, Gamay Moutot, Giranson, Gouni, Grand Noir, Gros grapput , Gouni or Gouny, Jalosse, Jurançon rouge, Luxuriant (in Aveyron), Moutot, Nanot, Nochant, Nos champs, Petit noir, Piquepout rouge, Plant de Dame, Plant de Dame blanc, Plant Quillat, Quillat, Quillard, Quillard rouge, Saintongeais, Sans-pareil and Vidiella are known.

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

In ampelography , the habitus is described as follows:

  • The shoot tip is hairy with white wool and occasionally colored carmine red. The yellowish young leaves are lightly woolly hairy and spotted bronze (anthocyanin spots).
  • The medium-sized leaves are five-lobed and deeply indented (see also the article leaf shape ). The stem bay is lyren-shaped open. The blade is bluntly serrated. The teeth are closely set compared to other grape varieties. The leaf surface (also called the leaf blade) is blistered and rough. In autumn, the leaves turn slightly reddish.
  • The cylindrical to cone-shaped grape is medium-sized (on average 221 grams), winged and dense berries. The round berries are medium-sized (1.9 grams on average) and black and blue in color.

The high-yielding variety ripens around 20 days after the Gutedel and is therefore already considered to ripen late. Jurançon Noir is a variety of the noble grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ). It has hermaphroditic flowers and is therefore self-fruiting. In viticulture , the economic disadvantage of not having to grow male plants that produce yield is avoided.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ LES CEPAGES NOIRS DANS LE VIGNOBLE (PDF) ( Memento from January 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), statistics on red grape varieties per greater region, parts 1 and 2, OFFICE NATIONAL INTERPROFESSIONNEL DES FRUITS, DES LEGUMES, DES VINS ET DE L'HORTICULTURE (ONIVINS), as of 2008
  2. ^ Jurançon Noir in the INRA database.

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