Yuri Naumowitsch Lipski

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Yuri Naumowitsch Lipski ( Russian Юрий Наумович Липский ; born November 22 . Jul / 5. December  1909 . Greg in Dubrowno ; † 24. November 1978 in Moscow ) was a Belarusian - Russian astronomer .

Life

After graduating from school in 1925, Lipski worked as an electrician in a wagon repair shop . In 1932 he was assigned to a worker traineeship, so that in 1933 he began studying at the physics faculty of Moscow University (MGU). After graduating in 1938, he was a trainee with Wassili Grigorjewitsch Fessenkow at the Department of Astrophysics there . After completing his apprenticeship in 1941, he was appointed head of the Kutschino Astronomical Observatory of the Sternberg Institute for Astronomy (GAISch) in Schelesnodoroschny .

In the German-Soviet War , Lipski served in the Red Army from 1942 , was wounded four times and was demobilized as a Guard Major in 1945 .

After the war, Lipski worked at the GAISch and rose from assistant to head of the laboratory for photometry and spectroscopy . In 1948 he was to defend his dissertation on polarization studies to determine the mass of the atmosphere of the moon to the Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences PhD. In 1964 he founded the department for physics of the moon and planets at GAISch and then headed it.

Lipski's main focus was on astrophysical studies of the sun and planets. He also developed new methods using space technology . According to the program of the International Geophysical Year 1958 , he examined the light of the lunar surface and the solar corona spectroscopically and analyzed the various polarization effects. He interpreted the increased illumination of the tips on the front of the moon as an effect of the lunar atmosphere, which became known as the Lipskiy effect. Using an electronic polarimeter , he determined the elliptical polarization of light from parts of the moon's surface and the cloud layers of Jupiter and Saturn . He directed the evaluation of the first photographs of the back of the moon . In 1960 he developed a new method of decoding photo recordings and applied it to the geographic recordings obtained by the Lunik 3 lunar probe in 1959 . The results were included in the atlas of the back of the moon (1960). With the further evaluations of the recordings of the probe-3, -6, -7, -8 (1965-1970) under Lipski's direction 1967-1977 the second and the third part of the atlas of the back of the moon, the first complete map of the moon and created a lunar globe . This was followed by morphometric studies of the Moon, Mercury and Mars , have been created with their results crater crater catalogs and distribution maps.

A moon crater bears Lipski's name.

Honors

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d В.В.Шевченко: Юрий Наумович Липский (accessed January 29, 2019).
  2. ↑ Колчинский И. Г., Корсунь А. А., Родригес М. Г .: Астрономы. Биографический справочник . Наукова думка, Kiev 1986.
  3. ↑ a b c d Подвиг народа в Великой Отечественной войне 1941–1945 гг .: Липский Юрий Наумович (accessed January 29, 2019).
  4. ↑ a b c Vladislav Shevchenko, Zhanna Rodionova, Gregory Michael: Lunar and Planetary Cartography in Russia . Springer , 2015, p. 19 .
  5. ↑ Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Lipskiy (accessed January 29, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Lipski, Yuri Naumowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Липский, Юрий Наумович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH December 5, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Dubrowno
DATE OF DEATH November 24, 1978
Place of death Moscow