Cold birch
The cold birch is a crossroads with a refuge and a former settlement in the northwest Harz west of the Innerste dam at 525.2 m above sea level. Above sea level. It is located in the community-free area of Harz in the district of Goslar. Historically, however, it is closely linked to the community of Hahausen and the district of Neuekrug located four kilometers to the northwest .
history
The Innerste-Rennsteig, an important trade route between Buntenbock and Neuekrug , had been in the area of the Kalten Birke and the Lageswarte 750 m north of it ( 571.3 m above sea level ) . The first settlement of the place and the origin of the name are unclear.
The cold birch was first mentioned in documents as early as 1350. A letter from 1391 shows that there was a Hag on the Cold Birch in the 14th century . The use of the square as a notarial and negotiation place is shown in other written records. They also suggest that there have been permanent buildings at this point since at least the late Middle Ages.
In the years 1511 and 1518 the cold birch is mentioned as a hunting area.
Iron ore mining was stopped in this area around 1350. However, the mention of the cold birch in a register from 1520 and by Georgius Agricola in 1546 in the 5th volume De natura fossilium , a textbook for mineralogy, suggest that mining in this area was resumed in the first half of the 16th century. The ore veins in the northwest Harz near the cold birch were mentioned and mined several times until the 20th century.
The original meaning of the cold birch has not yet been clarified. It could have been used for road safety, mining or forestry or hunting purposes.
In 1635 the area fell to the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel as part of the communion resin . Since then, a hunter's house on the Kalten Birke has been under the control of the Lutter am Barenberge forestry office , then from 1676 or 1678 to the forester in Hahausen. Further information about this hunter's house is not known. However, since the end of the 17th century there was another house on the Kalten Birke. It was built and inhabited by a house lumberjack.
In 1702 the old hunter's house was replaced by a new building.
When the communion resin was divided up in 1788, the cold birch came under the rule of the Electorate of Hanover . It was in the immediate vicinity of the border. The Brunswick hunting rights in this area also existed for many more years, as evidenced by documents dating back to the 19th century. In 1792 the Jägerhaus included a stable, a coach house , a cowshed and a bakery.
The cold birch was also mentioned several times at the beginning of the 19th century. From 1807 to 1813 it belonged to the canton of Zellerfeld in the Osterode district.
In 1828 the settlement was finally sold. The hunting lodge was torn down and rebuilt in Hahausen behind the church. Since then the place has been deserted. The refuge was built in 1969 by the Harz Club. There are still remnants of the wall and the site of the former well.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1774 | 6th |
| 1812 | 19th |
| 1828 | 0 |
hike
The Harzer Försterstieg , which runs from Goslar through Wolfshagen in the Harz , Lautenthal , Wildemann , Bad Grund , Buntenbock and Lerbach to Riefensbeek-Kamschlacken near Osterode am Harz , leads over the crossroads of Kalte Birke . Until 2016 it was included as No. 103 in the system of stamping points of the Harz hiking pin; the stamp number 102 in turn now has the situation control center located 750 m to the north . The Tränkebachhütte is located about 3 km to the south and has a stamp number 104. Since 2016, the club square 1 km to the north (formerly No. 102) has no longer been part of the stamping system .
literature
On the history section :
Wilhelm Kalthammer: Die Kalte Birke , in Die Chronik von Hahausen , Druckerei M. Wirth GmbH, Hahausen 1983, p. 182 f, on hahausen-harz.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Wilhelm Cold Hammer: The Chronicle of Hahausen , Printing M. Wirth GmbH, Hahausen 1983 S. 185th
- ↑ Harzer Wandernadel : Changed stamp locations since April 16 , 2016 , on harzer-wandernadel.de.
- ↑ Harzer Wanderadel: stamp point 102 / Lageswarte , on harzer-wandernadel.de.
Coordinates: 51 ° 54 ′ 27.9 ″ N , 10 ° 15 ′ 9.6 ″ E