Karl Christian Parcus

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Karl Christian Parcus (* 1763 in Dillenburg , † February 5, 1819 in Worms ) was an administrative lawyer from Leiningen-Westerburg and a revolutionary during the Enlightenment , later a city councilor in Mainz .

Early years

After studying law, Parcus became a lawyer for the Counts of Leiningen-Westerburg , in their residence in Grünstadt . In 1788 he married the local innkeeper, Rosina Jacobi. Due to reforms that had not gone far and fast enough, Parcus became a revolutionary opponent of his sovereigns and had to leave their service. By 1792 at the latest he started his own business as a lawyer in his place of residence.

German Jacobins under French occupation in Mainz 1792/93

Meeting of the Mainz Jacobin Club in the former electoral palace

When French revolutionary troops occupied the area to the left of the Rhine around Grünstadt and Worms in 1792 , he signaled his willingness to cooperate with the general of the French troops, Adam-Philippe de Custine . Parcus joined the first Mainz Jacobin Club founded on October 23, 1792 in Mainz Castle . After the first municipal and convent elections were over after a lot of back and forth, the Rhenish-German National Convention was constituted in Mainz on March 17, 1793, to whose 130 elected deputies Parcus für Altleiningen belonged. In Mainz, Parcus performed administrative tasks as a member of the (second) general administration for the National Convention and tried to convince the Mainz population of the French constitution . At the end of February of the same year, he was appointed Administrator of National Goods. The members of this General Administration declared “ the area on the left bank of the Rhine between Bingen and Landau ... to be a free, inseparable state that obeys communal laws based on freedom and equality ” (the so-called “ Mainz Republic ”) and decided to break away from the German Kaiser and the imperial territory . A little later they applied to the Paris National Convention to incorporate the new republic into the French state association.

After the French withdrew from the left bank of the Rhine and were occupied by Prussian troops, the German Jacobins and their relatives were persecuted. Like most other clubists, Parcus was able to emigrate to Paris. In the years up to 1796, the fortunes of war and supremacy over the left bank of the Rhine often changed between the revolutionary and counter-revolutionary armies. For the French Foreign Ministry, Parcus did conspiratorial espionage from 1794 and took on mediating roles in preparation for a revolution in the Holy Roman Empire . One of his tasks was to monitor activities on the left bank of the Rhine. Also in 1794 Parcus was designated by Merlin de Thionville as a member of a "Bureau des Réclamations".

Political activities from 1796

After Napoleon's Italian campaign , the French were able to turn against Austria unhindered, which ultimately led to the Peace of Campo Formio . Already in 1796 a direction of the requisition had its seat in Freiburg im Breisgau according to the decree of August 18, 1796 von Haussmann . Karl Christian Parcus was able to establish himself there as general director of requisitions for the French Army of the Rhine . This gave him opportunities to increase his fortune through auctions.

After the establishment of the Département du Mont-Tonnerre and the adoption of the constitution of 1802, new administrative structures were introduced. In the capital of the department, Mayence, the city administration was also affected by the administrative reform. Parcus was appointed by the prefect Jeanbon St. André in December 1802 a member of the municipality under their Maire Franz Konrad Macké .

In 1811, Parcus was one of the 600 most taxed persons in the Département du Mont-Tonnerre, along with 48 other Mainz residents, and thus one of the notables of society at the time. He worked as a landowner . After the official end of belonging to France, his property was looted.

family

Karl Christian Parcus came from a family of lawyers. His grandfather, Heinrich Ludwig Parcus (1704–1760) was a Nassau bailiff in Beilstein , his father Heinrich Ludwig Parcus (1735–1788) was a lawyer in Dillenburg. His mother was Elisabetta Catharina de Krauzat (* 1730).

Karl Christian Parcus married on May 9, 1788 in Weisenheim am Sand Rosina Juliana Wilhelmina, born Jacoby (born February 4, 1756 in Grünstadt ; † August 16, 1844 in Mainz), the daughter of Johann Jacob Jacoby and Maria Catharina Frey, their Sister who married the Jacobin August Moßdorff . Their son Johann Jacob Parcus (1790-1854) emerged from the marriage and was to become state procurator and member of parliament. His sons Carl Friedrich Parcus (1815–1881) as district councilor in Bingen and August Parcus (1819–1875), banker and entrepreneur, continued the family tradition.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Scheel : The Mainzer Republic III: The first bourgeois-democratic republic on German soil , Akademie Verlag , 1989
  2. ^ Franz Dumont: The members of the Rhenish-German National Convention in Mainz in: Archive for Hessian History and Antiquity, Vol. NF40, 1982, pp. 172–174
  3. ^ Franz Dumont : The Mainzer Republic 1792/93. Studies on the revolution in Rheinhessen and the Palatinate. 2nd expanded edition, Alzey 1993, ISBN 3-87854-090-6
  4. ^ Heinrich Scheel : The Mainzer Republic III: The first bourgeois-democratic republic on German soil , Akademie Verlag , 1989, p. 203
  5. ^ Walter Lampert: 1100 Years of Grünstadt , City Administration Grünstadt, 1975; P. 381
  6. ^ Susanne Lachenicht: Information and Propaganda. The press of German Jacobins in Alsace (1791–1800) . Munich 2004, p. 116.
  7. ↑ A. Hiersemann: Pariser historical studies , Volume 8, German Historical Institute Paris , Commission for Researching the History of Franco-German Relations, 1969, p. 57
  8. ↑ Max Springer: The French rule in the Palatinate. 1792 - 1814 (Donnersberg department). Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart - Berlin - Leipzig, 1926, p. 85
  9. ↑ Monika Neugebauer-Wölk : Revolution and Constitution - the Cotta brothers , individual publications of the Historical Commission in Berlin [vol. 1–6:] at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute of the Free University of Berlin, Colloquium Verlag, 1989.
  10. ↑ Munizipalverwaltung and Mairie der Stadt Mainz, 1798-1814 Volume 103 of publications of the Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz, 2004, p. 15
  11. ^ Karl Georg Bockenheimer : History of the city of Mainz during the second French rule (1798-1814) . Publisher Florian Kupferberg, 1890.
  12. ^ Franz Dumont: Mayence - The French Mainz (1792 / 98-1814) . P. 366
  13. ^ Walter Lampert: 1100 Years of Grünstadt , City Administration Grünstadt, 1975; P. 381
  14. ^ Moßdorff, August. Collection of Palatine personalities, eberhard-ref.net
personal data
SURNAME Parcus, Karl Christian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Parcus, Carl Christian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German administrative lawyer and city councilor
DATE OF BIRTH 1763
PLACE OF BIRTH Dillenburg
DATE OF DEATH February 5, 1819
Place of death Worms