Karl Haupl

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Karl Häupl (born April 12, 1893 in Seewalchen am Attersee , † June 29, 1960 in Basel ) was an Austrian dentist and university professor. He is considered one of the most famous European dentists of the 20th century, especially one of the pioneers of functional orthodontics .

Life

His father of the same name (1865-1927) was a landlord and mayor of Seewalchen am Attersee. Häupl attended elementary school in his hometown and spent his high school years at the Episcopal Petrinum Gymnasium , a private Catholic school in the Diocese of Linz .

After graduating from high school in Kremsmünster , he studied medicine at the University of Innsbruck from 1912 , while his brother Josef took over his father's inn. Because of the First World War , Häupl had to interrupt his medical studies in 1914. He was drafted into the Landwehr Regiment I on August 1, 1914 and seriously injured in a battle in Poland in April 1915. After continuing his medical studies, Häupl received his license to practice medicine in March 1919 . He took up a position at the Dental Institute of the University of Innsbruck under Bernhard Mayrhofer . After just six months, he was promoted to First Assistant. In 1920, Häupl moved to Norway , where he worked in various dental practices in Bergen and Oslo . He received a position as first assistant in the surgical department of the Royal Dental College in Oslo in 1923. In 1924 he passed the dental examination and received his license to practice medicine in Norway. A few years later, in 1927, Häupl completed his habilitation and received a professorship. At the end of 1930, Häupl married his first wife, the Norwegian Karen Haugsøen. They had their daughter Annelise in 1931 and Kari in 1936, who died at the age of 14.

On June 29, 1960, Häupl died in Basel during a speech on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the University of Basel . He suffered a heart attack and collapsed in front of the participants and his second wife, Katharina. Häupl was buried in the local cemetery in Seewalchen.

Scientific career

In 1929 he took over the management of the laboratory for pathology at the Dental College in Oslo and in 1931 became professor for general and special dental and maxillofacial pathology. On October 1, 1934, Häupl became full professor and chairman of the clinic for dentistry, jaw and facial diseases at the German University in Prague . After the " Anschluss of Austria " to the German Reich in 1938, Häupl became a member of the NSDAP with membership number 7,187,557.

The German University in Prague was reserved after Hitler came to power in a (imperialist oriented) prestige project for the Nazis loyal to the regime teachers. The fact that Häupl played an important role in the development of the German university for many years (1934–1943) underscores the fact that he was politically trustworthy. Häupl was in contact with both the Reich dentist leader Ernst Stuck and the Reich dentist leader Karl Pieper and could rely on the support of these two influential National Socialists. Häupl's political inclination towards the Nazi regime became apparent when he was appointed professor in Berlin in 1943. At this time he moved to the Dental Institute Berlin as full professor and head of the department for orthodontics and dental prosthetics, where in 1944 he took over the management of Hermann Schröder (1876–1942), who was considered the most important university professor for dentistry in the German Reich . The Dental Institute in Berlin was the most renowned institution of its kind in the Third Reich. As with the German University in Prague, only people with a National Socialist orientation were considered who were fully on the party line. The "Reichsmarschall" Hermann Göring personally supported Häupl's candidacy for the professorship. In 1944, Häupl was appointed to the “Scientific Committee of Health System Representatives” by Karl Brandt , SS-Brigadefuhrer and Major General of the Waffen-SS and General Commissioner for Health and Sanitation, an award that was only given to people loyal to the regime.

After the end of the war, Karl Häupl returned to Austria and was offered a position as a university lecturer in Innsbruck. In 1951 he took over a professorship for oral, maxillofacial and dental medicine as well as maxillofacial surgery at the West German Kieferklinik of the Medical Academy in Düsseldorf. Together with the Norwegian dentist Viggo Andersen, Häupl was the founder of the internationally recognized method of functional orthodontics. Their apparatus became internationally known as the "Andersen-Häupl Activator". He disagreed scientifically with the no less influential Bonn orthodontist Gustav Korkhaus about the risks and side effects of fixed orthodontic appliances. In addition, Häupl conducted research in the fields of periodontology as well as bone histology and pathology.

Offices and Awards

Publications (selection)

During his lifetime, Häupl wrote 150 publications, including 10 books.

  • Orthodontics, Häupl, Karl. - Berlin: Berlinische Verl.-Anst., 1959
  • Functional orthodontics, Andresen, Viggo. - Munich: JA Barth, 1936, 1938, 1942, 1945, 1953, 1957
  • Ortopedia funzionale dei mascellari Andresen, Viggo. - Milano: Società ed. Libraria, 1950, 1st trad. Sulla 4th ed. Tedesca / a cura di Oscar Hoffer
  • Outline of the histo-pathology of the tooth and its supporting apparatus, Häupl, Karl. - Leipzig: JA Barth, 1940
  • Tissue remodeling and tooth displacement in functional orthodontics, Häupl, Karl. - Leipzig: JA Barth, 1938
  • Dental crown and bridge work, Häupl, Karl. - Leipzig: Meusser, 1929, 1938
  • The marginal periodontitis, its pathology, etiology, clinic, therapy and prophylaxis with esp. their advanced u. deep forms (so-called alveolar pyorrhea) and with remark z. Development, anatomy and Physiology d. Dental support apparatus (Paradentium) uzd An u. Processes of degradation and atrophy in the bones, Häupl, Karl. - Berlin: H. Meusser, 1927 available in Leipzig
  • Textbook of dentistry, Häupl, Karl. - Vienna: Urban & Schwarzenberg

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dominik Groß , "Karl Häupl (1893-1960), His life and works with special consideration of his role in the Third Reich". (Life and work with special consideration of its role in the Third Reich), Deutsche Zahnärztliche Zeitschrift and DZZ International, 2020.
  2. ^ Member entry by Karl Häupl (with picture) at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina
  3. ↑ a b Karl Häupl Institute , North Rhine Chamber of Dentists. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
personal data
SURNAME Häupl, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian dentist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH April 12, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Seewalchen am Attersee
DATE OF DEATH June 29, 1960
Place of death Basel