Karl Knies

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Karl Gustav Adolf Knies

Karl Gustav Adolf Knies (born March 29, 1821 in Marburg ; † August 3, 1898 in Heidelberg ) was a German economist . He became known as the author of The Political Economy from the Historical Standpoint , a methodological treatise on the historical school of economics . Knies taught at Heidelberg University for over thirty years and was one of the supporters of a theory of the historical school.

Life

From 1841 to 1845 Knies studied at the University of Marburg and successfully completed this course in 1846 with a dissertation . On behalf of March Minister Bernhard Eberhard , he worked out the plan to found a polytechnic in Kassel in 1849 , where he was to take on a teaching position. But his promotion to professor failed because he refused to make the declaration that he did not want to present anything detrimental to the policy of the Hassenpflug Ministry .

In 1852 he took over a teaching position at the canton school in Schaffhausen ; In 1855 he was appointed professor of camera sciences in Freiburg im Breisgau , where he wrote the “Promemoria of Protestant Professors at the Baden State University of Freiburg” in 1860, when the Baden Concordat was imminent . After the appointment of a liberal ministry, he was elected to the second chamber of the Baden Estates Assembly and appointed director of the high school council in 1862.

In this position he worked out the template for a reform of the Baden primary school system and, when the agitation of the Catholic clergy intensified the Baden school dispute, the special law on the supervisory authorities for primary schools (of July 29, 1864), which carried out the clerical school visits and local inspections replaced secular school councils. When a compromise was reached between the government and the ultramontanes , Knies resigned and was appointed professor of political science in Heidelberg in 1865 . Knies is one of the representatives of the historical direction in economics. He was a member of the Baden Historical Commission . From 1877 to 1887 Knies was a member of the First Chamber of the Estates Assembly appointed by the Grand Duke.

Works (selection)

  • Statistics as an independent science . Kassel 1850.
  • The Catholic hierarchy etc. Halle 1852.
  • Political economy from the point of view of the historical method . Braunschweig 1853 (2nd edition 1883).
  • The railways and their effects . Brunswick 1853.
  • The telegraph as a means of transport . Tuebingen 1857.
  • The service of the soldier and the shortcomings of the conscription practice . Freiburg 1860.
  • On the doctrine of economic goods transport . Tuebingen 1862.
  • Financial policy discussions . Heidelberg 1871.
  • Money and credit . Berlin 1873/1876 (3 vols., 2nd ed. 1885 ff.)
  • World money and world coin . Berlin 1874.

literature

  • Walter Braeuer:  Knies, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 182 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dieter Fritz-Assmus: Karl Knies, an early military economist. Forgotten writings of a leading representative of the Older Historical School on military economic problems of our time . Haupt, Bern 1995.
  • Karl Houses , Gottfried Eisermann : Knies as a monetary theorist. Carl Knies in his day. Publishing house economy and finance, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-87881-106-3 .
  • Jürgen Löwe: Contextual Theory of Economics. Karl Knies' approach as a basis for future economic policy, Gordon & Breach / G + B Faculties, Amsterdam, 1998.
  • Otto v. Boenigk (Hrsg.): Staatswissenschaftlichearbeiten - Festgabe für Karl Knies for the seventy-fifth anniversary of his birthday . O. Haering, Berlin 1896 ( online ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Bauer, Bernhard Gißler: The members of the First Chamber of the Baden Estates Assembly from 1819–1912. Fidelitas, Karlsruhe 1913, p. 94

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personal data
SURNAME Knees, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Knies, Karl Gustav Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist
DATE OF BIRTH March 29, 1821
PLACE OF BIRTH Marburg
DATE OF DEATH August 3, 1898
Place of death Heidelberg