Karl Schwarzl

Karl Schwarzl ( Johann Carl Schwarzel ) (born February 19, 1746 in Eggendorf , † March 4, 1809 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German Catholic theologian.

Life

The son of a wealthy farmer was appointed a clergyman by his parents. After having worked in pastoral care for a few years, he became professor of polemics, patristics and theological literary history at the University of Innsbruck in 1779 . In the same year he became a university librarian, in 1781 he took over the office of a clergyman of the prince-bishop of Brixen and received his doctorate in theology.

On December 8, 1781, he refused to take the oath of the Immaculate Conception , which according to the statutes of the university was taken every year on that day. Joseph von Spaur , the then Prince-Bishop of Brixen, as Chancellor of the university, then tried to dismiss him. The matter came to the ears of the enlightened Emperor Joseph II , who thereupon abolished this oath in all German hereditary countries on June 3, 1782. After the University of Innsbruck had been converted back into a lyceum in 1783, he went to the University of Freiburg as a professor of polemics and theological history of literature .

At the same time he was examiner in bankruptcy examinations as well as pastor in Lehen and Betzenhausen and in 1785 professor of pastoral theology. From 1788 to 1789 he was rector of the University of Freiburg . In 1805 he became pastor at the Freiburg Minster and director of the general school, where he taught catechetics and pedagogy until his death.

As a Freemason, Schwarzl was the founder and master of the chair of the lodge Zu den Drei Flammen in Innsbruck and co-founder of the Masonic lodge Zur noble Aussicht in Freiburg, of which he was master of the chair in 1786/87.

Works

• Ultimatum Vale Cleri Passaviensis ad Josephum, Comitem ab arco, Episcopum Hipponensem. Vindob. 1776
• Praise for St. Norbert. Innsbruck 1779
• Elenchus SS. Patrum ordine alphabetico. Oenip. 1780
• Pastoral teaching of Christian justice; a translation of the pastoral letters of Archbishop Rastignac. Innsbruck 1780
• Funeral speech on the Rom. Empress Maria Theresa. Augsburg 1781
• Teaching of devotion to the heart of Jesus as it is to be taken in the true mind. Augsburg 1781
• Catalogus duplicatorum in Bibliothecae Caesareo. Theresiana. 1781
• Praelectiones theologiae polemicae. Vindob. 1781
• Acta Congregationis Archiepiscoprum et Episcoporum Hetruriae Floentiae anno 1787; ex in Latinum translata. Tom. I-IV. Bamberg 1790-1795
• Practical religious instruction using catechetical lectures. Ulm 1796 2nd vol.
• The Psalms of David, freely translated from Hebrew, for use in devotion; with buried Latin texts. Augsburg 1798
• Guide to a Complete Pastoral Theology. Augsburg 1799–1800 3rd vol.
• About the Incarnation of Jesus Christ; an academic speech given on the Christmas booklet in 1799 at the high school in Freyburg, when the newly established university church service was ceremoniously opened in the academic church there. Augsburg 1800
• Translation and interpretation of the New Testament, according to its literal and moral content, for the use of preachers and religious teachers; according to the highest will of the gracious Prince-Bishop of Constanz, Carl Theodor, Baron von Dalberg. Ulm 1802-1805 6th vol.
• Two occasional pamphlets on the most important subjects of religion and ethics. Augsburg 1805
• Concerning the necessity of the Catholic church assembly together with an appendix to the papal concordat. A value of its time. Augsburg 1808
• Attempt of a German ritual, while maintaining relig. Antiquity and the burial of some adapting, more recent improvements together with an appendix on the blessings customary in the Catholic Church, according to the principles of antiquity. Augsburg 1809

literature

• Georg Christoph Hamberger , Johann Georg Meusel : The learned Teutschland, or lexicon of the now living German writers. Verlag Mayer, Lemgo, 1798, Vol. 7, p. 414, ( online ); 1803, Vol. 10, p. 648, ( online ); 1812, vol. 16, p. 378, ( online )
• Heinrich Doering: The learned theologians of Germany in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Verlag Johann Karl Gottfried Wagner, 1835, Neustadt an der Orla, Vol. 4, p. 128
• Constantin von Wurzbach : Schwarzl, Karl . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 32nd part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1876, pp. 341–343 ( digitized version ).
• Franz Heinrich Reusch :  Schwarzel, Karl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 33, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 256 f.
• Anton Hittmair: History of the Imperial and Royal University Library in Innsbruck. In: Journal of the Ferdinandeum for Tyrol and Vorarlberg. Self-published by the Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck, 1910, 3rd volume. 54 booklet, p. 39

Individual evidence

1. ^ Hugo Frank, Freiburg 1922, p. 199 (digitized version)