Casimir I (Teschen-Auschwitz)
Casimir I of Auschwitz (Czech Kazimír Osvětimský , Polish Kazimierz I oświęcimski ; * around 1396 , † 1434 ) was Duke of Auschwitz from 1414 to 1434 and from 1416 Duke of Tost and half of Gleiwitz . He came from the Teschen branch of the Silesian Piasts .
Origin and family
Casimir was the only son of Duke Primislaus I of Auschwitz ; The name and origin of his mother are not known. Around 1414/17 he married Anna († 1426/33), a daughter of Duke Henry VIII of Glogau and Sagan. From this marriage came the sons:
- Wenzel I († 1465), 1434–1445 Duke of Auschwitz and Tost, from 1445 Duke of Zator ; ⚭ with Maria Kopczowska († after 1468)
- Primislaus / Przemko III. († 1484), 1445–1484 Duke of Tost; ⚭ with Machna († 1468/72), daughter of Opole Duke Nikolaus I.
- . John IV († 1495/97), 1445-1457 Duke of Auschwitz; ⚭ 1. 1465 with Katharina NN, ⚭ 2. 1475 with Barbara († 1510), daughter of the Jägerndorfer Duke Nikolaus V. († 1452)
After Anna's death, Kazimir married Margarete (1410-1459), daughter of the Opava-Ratibor duke John II , who in 1406 had been charged with murdering Kasimir's father.
Life
When his father died, who was murdered in 1406, Kasimir was only 10 years old. Therefore he was initially under the tutelage of his grandfather Primislaus I. von Teschen . After his death in 1410 the younger brother of Kasimir's father, Bolko I von Teschen, was appointed guardian. In 1410 he handed over to Kazimir the duchy of Auschwitz, inherited from his father, for independent regency. Since Kazimir demanded further possessions from the Duchy of Teschen, he received the Duchy of Tost , half of Gleiwitz and Strehlen from his uncle Bolko I in a further division in 1416 , which he sold to Duke Ludwig II of Liegnitz in 1427 .
Like his grandfather, Kazimir had good relations with the Prague royal court and was often in the retinue of Emperor Sigismund . 1428–1433 parts of his possessions were devastated by the Hussites , including Tost and Peiskretscham . From Gleiwitz the Hussites made raids into other Upper Silesian areas. With the help of the Jägerndorfer Duke Nikolaus V , Kazimir succeeded in regaining Gliwice and driving the Hussites out of Bytom .
Casimir died in 1434 at the age of only 38. His body was buried in the Dominican Church in Teschen. His possessions were divided between his sons. The eldest son Wenzel owned Auschwitz and Tost from 1434–1445 and Zator from 1445–1465, the second-born Primislaus / Przemko III. was 1445–1484 Duke of Tost and Johann IV., with whom the Teschen-Auschwitz part line was extinguished in 1495/97, was 1445–1457 Duke of Auschwitz. He sold this to Poland in 1457.
literature
- Historical Commission for Silesia (Ed.): History of Silesia. Volume 1: Ludwig Petry , Josef Joachim Menzel, Winfried Irgang (eds.): From primeval times to the year 1526. 5th, revised edition. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1988, ISBN 3-7995-6341-5 , pp. 176, 180 f., 190, 196 f. and 205.
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , family tree on pp. 598-599.
- Rudolf Žáček: Dějiny Slezska v datech. Nakladatelství Libri, Praha 2004, ISBN 80-7277-172-8 , pp. 101, 441 and 451.
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Casimir I. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kazimir von Teschen-Auschwitz, Kasimir von Tost |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Auschwitz and Tost |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1396 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1434 |