Arezzo Cathedral
The Cathedral of Arezzo ( Cattedrale di Ss. Donato e Pietro ) in the Tuscan town of Arezzo is the Episcopal Church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arezzo-Cortona-Sansepolcro .
history
The grave of the second bishop of Arezzo and martyr Donatus († 362) was on the hill of Colle del Pionta outside the city walls. The earliest Christian places of worship in Arezzo and also the first cathedral were built there. In 1203 Pope Innocent III ordered move the cathedral to the city. Construction began in 1278, and completion lasted until 1511. The current facade was not created until 1900–1914 according to plans by Dante Viviano .
On January 10, 1276, Pope Gregory X died on his return journey from the Second Council of Lyon in Arezzo. He donated a considerable sum to the new cathedral on his death bed and was buried in it.
In the spring of 1796 central Italy was shaken by a series of tremors. The people of Arezzo ascribed the end of this to the intercession of Our Lady , whose soot-blackened ceramic picture in an inn on February 15, 1796, had turned bright white in front of the eyes of several prayers. The miraculous image was brought to the cathedral, and in the following years the Cappella della Madonna del Conforto was built on the north aisle, which is still a popular place of pilgrimage and prayer today.
architecture
Arezzo Cathedral is a Gothic three-aisled basilica . The five bays of the nave are structured with bundle pillars and have ribbed vaults . The top windows are in the shape of oculi, modeled on Santa Maria Novella in Florence . To the north of the choir is the slim, hexagonal campanile from 1857/1937. The lack of a transept and the lack of a dome can be traced back to an influence of the architecture of the mendicant order.
Furnishing
A stepped portal decorated with reliefs and sculptures around 1380 stands out on the south side of the rather plain exterior building . In its arched field, the Madonna is flanked by St. Donatus and Gregory X. , fully plastic terracotta figures of the " soft style ". The tomb of the Pope, who died in Arezzo in 1271, can be found on the right inside next to this entrance.
The cathedral contains numerous important art treasures from the Gothic and Renaissance periods . The seven-part window cycle by Guillaume de Marcillat from the years 1516–1524 is considered an outstanding work of glass painting , which with its "painterly" style clearly stands out from the contouring design of Gothic glass windows. The main altar with the marble retable of St. Donatus dates from the 1370s and is connected to the saint's tomb on the back. The font is decorated with reliefs from the Donatello workshop. The choir stalls were created by Giorgio Vasari in 1554. Around 1330 the Sienese sculptors Agostino di Giovanni and Agnolo di Ventura created the cenotaph of Guido Tarlati († 1372). 16 reliefs tell of the worldly successes of the Ghibelline general and bishop of Arezzo. The fresco of the statuesque Maddalena in the left aisle was created by Piero della Francesca around 1460. The Cappella Ubertini contains frescoes of the legend of the Virgin Mary attributed to Gregorio and Donato di Arezzo (beginning of the 14th century). The Enthroned Mother of God with Child is dated to the 1260s.
Chapel of the Madonna del Conforto
Giuseppe del Rosso designed the Cappella della Madonna del Conforto , a three-aisled dome with a dome, main and secondary apses , which was built in the period of classicism , but is already clearly Gothic . Bishop Agostino Albergotti had it richly decorated around 1810. The centerpiece is the small miraculous image, embedded in a shiny gold altar structure. Works of art from other churches in Arezzo were brought here, including colored glazed terracotta reliefs from Andrea della Robbia's workshop . The great trinity reredos between Saints Bernhard and Donatus comes from the master himself (1485–1486). Two large historical paintings - Judith presents the head of Holofernes by Pietro Benvenuti and Abigail pacified David by Luigi Sabatelli - typologically refer to the intercession of Mary.
Organs
There are two organs in the Arezzo Cathedral .
The oldest instrument was built in the middle of the 16th century by the organ builder Luca di Bernardino da Cortona. The purely mechanical instrument has nine registers on a manual (Principale 16 ′, Ottava 8 ′, Decimaquinta 4 ′, Decimanona, Vigesimaseconda 2 ′, Vigesimasesta e Vigesimanona, Flauto in XV 4 ′, Rosignoli, Cornamusa, Tremolo dolce). The pedal is attached.
The main organ was built in 2006 by the Pinchi organ builder. The slider chests -instrument has 26 registers (1,720 pipes ) on two manuals and pedal. The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electric.
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gallery
Web links
- History and description (website of the diocese, Italian)
- I luoghi della fede , article Cattedrale di San Donato via search function (Italian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ gcatholic.org
- ↑ La Madonna del Conforto (donbosco-torino.it)
- ^ Description of the chapel and its works of art , amarantomagazine.it, Italian
- ↑ Information on the organ ( Memento of the original dated December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Italian)
Coordinates: 43 ° 28 ′ 1.2 ″ N , 11 ° 53 ′ 0.1 ″ E