Arezzo
Arezzo | ||
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Country | Italy | |
region | Tuscany | |
province | Arezzo (AR) | |
Coordinates | 43 ° 28 ' N , 11 ° 53' E | |
height | 296 m slm | |
surface | 386 km² | |
Residents | 99,258 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density | 257 inhabitants / km² | |
Post Code | 52100 | |
prefix | 0575 | |
ISTAT number | 051002 | |
Popular name | Aretini | |
Patron saint | San Donato | |
Website | Arezzo | |
Piazza Grande with the church "Santa Maria della Pieve" |
Arezzo ( Latin Arretium , Etruscan Aritim ) is a city with 99,258 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the central Italian region of Tuscany , northeast of Siena . It is the capital of the province of the same name and the fourth largest city in Tuscany (after Florence , Livorno and Prato ).
With its merchant palaces, patrician houses and sacred buildings, Arezzo is a jewel of medieval architecture and culture.
history
The city is of Etruscan origin and was called Aritim in Etruscan . It belonged to the League of Twelve Cities of the most powerful Etruscan cities and was on the ancient Via Cassia . In the late Augustan period, there were important factories for the production of Italian terra sigillata here . Arezzo was the seat of a bishopric from the 4th century AD , and the seat of a count in the Lombard and Carolingian times; Subordinated to the Marquis of Tuscany in the post-Carolingian period. The noble and episcopal administration was replaced in the early 12th century by the consular constitution that became common in Italy.
At the beginning of the 13th century, the communal movement replaced the old government, which was now entirely provided by the consul. The associated struggles between the people ( popolo ) and the aristocratic families continued, however, as there was general social unrest in most of the municipalities of Upper and Central Italy at this time. The city was considered Ghibelline and thus loyal to the emperor. In addition to Pisa , it was the only commune in Tuscany to stick to it in the early 14th century. Emperor Henry VII stayed in Arezzo for some time and passed several laws there.
The commune soon fell to Florence. There were riots, but apart from a few episodes, it remained under Florentine rule. The city fell into disrepair under the Medici and its heyday in the 13th century had long since passed.
university
At the beginning of the 13th century a university was founded by students who had emigrated from Bologna . The focus in Arezzo was also jurisprudence, as well as medicine. In the 14th century, however, the university fell into disrepair and soon went under. Today the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Siena is located in Arezzo .
coat of arms
Description: In silver, a black horse jumping to the right (heraldic: left) . The five-towered golden crown of the wall above the shield .
List of localities in the municipality
In Italy, municipalities can be divided into fractions , which in German roughly means "localities". In Arezzo there are the following fractions ( Italian frazioni ):
Agazzi, Antria, Battifolle, Battifolle-Ruscello-Poggiola, Bossi-Cellaio, Bottega, Buon Riposo, Campi, Campoluci, Casa al Cincio, Casa alla Sisa, Ceciliano, Chiassa, Chiassa-Tregozzano, Donatiella, Dosso, Frassineto-Molinus Bianco, Gaville, Giovi d'Arezzo, Giovi-Ponte alla Chiassa, Gorgone-Marmorino, I Ponti, I Sadotti, Il Busco, Il Matto, Il Torre, Indicatore, La Costa, La Filandra, La Pazienza, Le Lastre, Le Poggiacce , Lentignano, Madonna di Mezzastrada, Marcena, Meliciano, Molin Bianco-Pian d'Usciano, Molin Nuovo, Molinelli, Monte Petrognano, Monte Sopra Rondine, Muciafora, Mugliano-Fattoria Mugliano, Olmo, Osteria Nuova, Ottavo, Palazzetti, Palazzo del Pero , Patrignone, Peneto, Petrognano Basso, Pieve al Bagnoro, Poggiola, Policiano, Ponte alla Chiassa, Ponte Buriano-Cincelli, Porcile, Poggiolo, Pratantico, Pratantico-Indicatore, Puglia, Quarata, Ranco di Frassinlo, Salcutino, Rondine -Formicheto-Osteria, San Cassiano, San Firenze-Fonte di Sala, San Giulian o d'Arezzo, San Leo, San Polo, San Zeno, Santa Firmina, Santa Maria alla Rassinata, Sargiano, Scopeto, Sereni, Staggiano, Stoppedarca, Stroppiello, Talzano, Terrarossa, Tregozzano, Venere, Vitiano
Attractions
- Dom San Donato , whose large-format glass paintings by Fra Guillaume de Marcillat are particularly worth seeing
- Badia delle Sante Flora e Lucilla with the alterations and the high altar by Giorgio Vasari
- The church of San Francesco with a cycle of frescoes by Piero della Francesca
- The church of San Domenico with the earliest surviving work by Cimabue
- The Church of Santissima Annunziata , the most important High Renaissance church in Arezzo
- The church of Santa Maria delle Grazie with the well-known loggia from the early Renaissance
- Casa del Petrarca - allegedly the birthplace of the poet, humanist and scholar Francesco Petrarca - with an exhibition on his works
- Casa di Giorgio Vasari - The painter and builder Giorgio Vasari , who among other things built the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, bought the two-story house in 1540 and painted the rooms with magnificent frescoes
- The sloping Piazza Grande with the church of Santa Maria della Pieve and the monumental Palazzo delle Logge , which was also built according to plans by Vasari at the end of the 16th century
- The Museo Archeologico Mecenate in the former monastery of San Bernardo with finds from Etruscan and Roman times
- The 14th century Palazzo Pretorio , the seat of the chief judge since 1404; inside is the city library with valuable manuscripts and miniatures.
Not far from Ponte Buriano (frazione di Arezzo) is the bridge on Strada Provinciale Setteponti, shown in the world-famous painting " Mona Lisa " by Leonardo da Vinci .
Sports
Arezzo is home to the football club US Arezzo , the currently ( 2019/2020 in the third-highest division) Series C plays. Between 1966 and 2007 he was also in the second-highest division for 16 years (see Eternal table of Serie B ).
economy
Their handicrafts made the city rich, especially the famous "Aretine vases" and the tradition of jewelery making that has remained alive. Since then, Arezzo has been known for its jewelry industry far beyond the borders of the region . Many hundreds of craft and industrial establishments help ensure that Arezzo is considered wealthy. In addition, many visitors come for the antique market and many antique shops. Arezzo has recently become a film city. Some scenes from Roberto Benigni's award-winning film “ Life is beautiful ” (“La vita è bella”) were filmed on the Piazza Grande and Corso Italia .
traffic
Arezzo is on the E 45 - A 1 as well as on the north and south of the Florence-Rome line connected to the Direttissima Firenze-Roma and two branch lines operated by the Trasporto Ferroviario Toscano to Pratovecchio - Stia and Sinalunga . Arezzo has an airfield for general aviation .
Town twinning
Arezzo maintains seven cities and towns partnerships :
city | country | since |
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Montenars |
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1977 |
Saint-Priest |
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1981 |
Eger |
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1989 |
Bedford |
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1994 |
Viseu |
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1998 |
Norman (Oklahoma) |
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2009 |
Oświęcim |
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2009 |
Personalities
Personalities associated with the city
- Donatus of Arezzo (around 300–362), martyr and bishop of Arezzo
- Guido von Arezzo (also known as Guido Monaco), musician around 1000 AD, who developed modern musical notation
- Guido von Arezzo the Younger (12th century), pharmacist
- Gregory X. (1210–1276), Pope from 1271 to 1276
- Margaritone d'Arezzo (around 1240–1290), painter, sculptor and architect
- Guglielmo de Marcillat (1467 / 1470–1529), glass painter and Vasari's first teacher
Personalities born in Arezzo
- Gaius Maecenas (70-8 BC), who promoted young writers like Horace and Virgil and whose name became the epitome of generous art patrons (patrons)
- Benedetto Sinigardi (1190–1282) Franciscan; the custom of the Angelus goes back to him
- Francesco Petrarca (1304–1374), poet, scholar and humanist
- Spinello Aretino (1346–1410), painter
- Leonardo Bruni (1369–1444), humanist and State Chancellor of Florence
- Pietro Aretino (1492–1556), writer
- Benedetto Accolti (1497–1549), cardinal of the Catholic Church
- Giorgio Vasari (1511–1574), painter and builder, author of the biographies of the most famous painters, sculptors and architects (le vite)
- Andrea Cesalpino (1519–1603), doctor, philosopher, botanist and physiologist
- Antonio Cesti (1623–1669), opera composer
- Francesco Redi (1626–1697), doctor and poet, refuted the theory of abiogenesis and formulated: "Omne vivum ex ovo"
- Teresa Margareta Redi (1747–1770), saint of the Catholic Church, mystic
- Vittorio Fossombroni (1754–1844), statesman and mathematician
- Pietro Benvenuti (1769–1844), portrait and history painter
- Antonio Guadagnoli (1798-1858), poet
- Francesco Severi (1879–1961), mathematician
- Marie-Louise Berneri (1918–1949), author and anarchist
- Enzo Boschi (1942–2018), geophysicist
- Franco Agostinelli (* 1944), Bishop of Prato
- Patrizio Bertelli (* 1946), entrepreneur and CEO of the Prada fashion company
- Carla Romanelli (* 1949), film actress
- Luca Marmorini (* 1961), engine technician
- Domenico Giani (* 1962), General Inspector of the Vatican Gendarmerie
- Amedeo Carboni (* 1965), football player
- Vittorio Grigolo (* 1977), opera singer
- Daniele Bracciali (* 1978), tennis player
- Daniele Bennati (* 1980), racing cyclist
- Luca Scassa (* 1983), motorcycle racer
- Chiara Bazzoni (* 1984), athlete
- Dylan and Cole Sprouse (born 1992), actors
literature
- Maurizio Bianconi: Storia di Arezzo. Centro Studi Toscani, Arezzo 1975.
- Vittorio Franchetti Pardo: Arezzo. Laterza, Roma / Bari 1986.
- Walter Kappacher : Selina or the other life . Dtv, Munich 2009. (Arezzo and the landscape of the Pratomagno Mountains to the north around Gello Biscardo, part of Castiglion Fibocchi , are locations in Kappacher's Tuscany novel).
- Matteo Martelli, Filippo Nibbi: Arezzo. Guida storica e turistica . Aretia, Arezzo 1982.
- Giovanni Tabacco, Franco Cardini , Jacques Verger: Arezzo . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 1, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1980, ISBN 3-7608-8901-8 , Sp. 920 f.
- Piero Vannuccini, Luca Della Nesta: Arezzo. Una città, una storia, la Giostra del Saracino. Dimensione Communications, Arezzo 1997.
- Christian Hülsen : Arretium . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume II, 1, Stuttgart 1895, Col. 1227 f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
- ^ Carta d'identità del Comune di Arezzo - Comune di Arezzo . Retrieved September 29, 2015.